QUIZ 3 Flashcards
What are the benefits of movement?
- Most learning includes motor movement
- Facilitates access to information
- Gives meaning to words
- Provides characteristics about the environment
- Facilitates access to knowledge
- Promotes understanding of space
- Provides access to social situations
- Facilitates inherent need for movement
- Facilitates orientation and successful travel
Sensory motor functioning
- Involves the awareness and interpretation of sensory information
2.
Process of motor Development
- Directionality
- Sequence
- 4.
Directionality
- Cephalon-Caudal
- Proximo-distal
- Gross to fine or general to specific
Sequence
skill acquisition
Mobility and stability
postural control
Variables influencing motor development
- 4.
Variables influencing motor development
- healthy brain maturation
- healthy nervous system
- Unaffected input from sensory systems
- opportunities to practice skills
Typical Development
4 months is tummy time 5 months rolling over 7 months crawling 10 months standing 12 months walking
Characteristics of visual impairment
- Often dislike prone.
- Delayed reach
- Limited weight bearing on arms
- Head, neck and trunk do not reach full strength and control
Characteristics of visual impairment
- Often dislike prone.
- Delayed reach
- Limited weight bearing on arms
- Head, neck and trunk do not reach full strength and control
Sensorimotor functioning ad children with vision loss
- May be immobile until there’s a sound source
- May have difficulties when on hands and knees
- Walking begins around 18 to 24 months
Reasons for the differences
1.
Postural reactions
1.
2.
Classifications of postural reactions
1.
2.
Postoral Tone
- Hypertonia = too high
- Hypotonia = too low
- Athetoid = fluctuating between high and low
Hypertonia
Postural tone is too high
Hypotonia
Postural tone is too low
Athetoid
fluctuating between high and low
Athetoid
fluctuating between high and low
Postural stability
- Ability to maintain body posture as weight is shifted
- Infants may use certain positions that provide mechanical stability to perform a new task
3.
Abnormal postural stability
Soe continue to rely on mechanical stability patterns, or postural fixing, for stability
VI and postural development
1.
2.
Child characteristics that impact postural control
- Multiple disabilities
- Prematurity
- Amount of functional vision
VI loss and postural control
- 5.
Sensory awareness
- Visual
- Tactile
- Proprioceptive
- Haptic awareness
- Vestibular system
Vestibular system
Sensory information about motion, equilibrium, and spatial orientation located in the ears.
Reaching
- Beginning of goal-directed movement.
2. Accurate reaching develops after repeated attempts
Approaches to reaching
- Reaching to touch
- Reaching to sound
- Reaching to see
- Reaching to an object in a known location
Goal-Directed movement
Purposeful and self-initiated movement
Cognitive prerequisites for goal-directed movement
- Cause and effect
- Object concept
- Object permanence
- Object schema (pattern)
Defined Spaces
- Meaningful object
- Predictable space
- 4.
Creating defined spaces
- Start small and then increase
2. Large objects or walls should define ?
Cruising
Moving along an object
Benefits of cruising
First stages of doing route planning and prepares kids for trailing
Promoting cruising
- Keep furniture static
- Use short distances initially
- 4.
Interventions by O&M
- Identify and recognize the problem
- Early intervention
- Team with other health professionals
- Systematic approach
- Develop most basic sensorimotor components
- Proceed to higher level skills
Interventions by O&M
- Identify and recognize the problem
- Early intervention
- Team with other health professionals
- Systematic approach
- Develop most basic sensorimotor components
- Proceed to higher level skills
Sensory functioning intervention
- 5.
