QUIZ 2 Flashcards
Pedagogy
profession of teaching
Cognitive teaching theory
traditional teaching model
Constructivist teaching theory
when learners construct mental models to understand the world around them. Constructionism advocates student-centered, discovery learning where students use information they already know to acquire more knowledge.
Problem based Leaning
Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogy in which students learn about a subject through the experience of solving an open-ended problem found in trigger material.
Collaborative learning model
Collaborative learning is based on the view that knowledge is a social construct.
Montessori learning model
World as the classroom, teacher acts as the observer, teacher prepares the environment for the student
O and M and Pedagogy
Mixture of Constructivist and Problem Based learning
O and M Skill areas
Attention, sensory integration, behavior memory, concept development, generalization, problem solving, social skills, orientation skills, mobility techniques
Evidence based practice
use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of the individual patient.
What are the three requirements for EBP?
Best research evidence, clinical expertise, patient values and preferences
What org requires the use EBP to determine assessment, curriculum, and teaching interventions
IDEA - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
What org improve services under IDEA
and supports research and disseminates findings
National Center for Special Education Research
Publications in the field of vision
Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness
INSIGHT
International Journal of Orientation & Mobility
5 levels of evidence
- Meta analysis
- Review of research
- Research study
- Small n research
- Practice wisdom
Maturation Theory of Child Development author?
Gesell
Maturation Theory of Child Development
Development is genetically predetermined
Stages of Psychosocial Development author?
Erikson
Stages of Psychosocial Development
comprehensive psychoanalytic theory that identifies a series of four stages, in which a healthy developing individual should pass through from infancy to puberty.
Freud’s stages of psychosexual development
human beings, from birth, possess an instinctual libido (sexual energy) that develops in five stages.
Pavlov’s behavioral model
Classical conditioning. environment over heredity
Piaget’s cognitive developmental model
How children understand the world. Cognitive development is Jean Piaget’s theory. Through a series of stages, Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development: the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational period.
Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development
Vygotsky’s theories stress the fundamental role of social interaction in the development of cognition (Vygotsky, 1978), as he believed strongly that community plays a central role in the process of “making meaning.”
How long does it take for vision to fully develop?
five years
What part of the brain do the eyes connect o?
Visual cortex
Typical visual development
20/400 at birth
20/100 at 6 months
20/50 at 1 year
20/20 at 5 years
Various degrees of vision loss
Normal vision 20/12.5-25
Critical level for low vision development is between 20/500 to 20/800
Is vision learned?
yes - parts to hole
Signs of visual loss
- lack of eye contact by 3 months
- lack of visual fixation or following by 3 months
- lack of accurate reaching for objects by 6 moths
- persistent lack of eyes moving in concert
- frequent horizontal or vertical jerky eye movements
- lack of clear, black pupil
- significant sensitivity to light
Functional vision assessment
done over time in real life settings with both static and moving
Aspects of a functional vision assessment
distance, lighting visual fields, color vision, figure ground, use of low vision aids and night vision
Up to how many Hz can the human ear hear?
up to 20,000 Hz
Definition of sound
vibrations/energy transmitted by waves
Reflection
when sound waves hit another surface and bounce in another direction
Galloway’s 5 phases of sensory development
- stimulation
- tolerance
- recognition
- identification
- making meaning
