Quiz 3

Question 1

Sex differentation

Answer 1

Subsequent events that ultimately produce either the male or female sexual phenotype. In other words, the process of becoming female or male

Question 2

Barr body

Answer 2

Females must have 1 deactivated X or else problems occur

Question 3

X-inactive specific transcript (XIST)

Answer 3

A product of an X-linked gene that is necessary and sufficient to inactivate 1 X chromosome

Question 4

First rule of sex determination

Answer 4

Development of gonads into testis of ovary determines the sexual differentiation of embryo

Question 5

Second rule of sex determination

Answer 5

Y chromosome carried sex determining information in mammals

Question 6

3 levels of sexual dimorphism

Answer 6

1. Genetic sex: XX or XY
2. Gonadal sex: testes of ovaries
3. Phenotypic male or female

Question 7

Testis determining factor (TDF)

Answer 7

Acts on undifferentiated gonads to create testis

Question 8

Supporting cells

Answer 8

Sertoli cells in males and follicle cells in females

Question 9

Steroidal cells

Answer 9

Produce gonadal hormones. Leydig cells in males and thecal cells in females

Question 10

Connective tissue cells

Answer 10

Form structural framework of go ad

Question 11

Primary sex differentation

Answer 11

Mammalian sex determination is controlled by SRY gene. SRY expression induces testes, lack of SRY results in ovaries

Question 12

Secondary sex differentation

Answer 12

all hormonally controlled sex development beginning at embryogenesis. Behavior and outside characteristics

Question 13

Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)

Answer 13

Causes Müllerian ducts to regress

Question 14

Testosterone

Answer 14

Virilization of wolffian ducts to form outside penis

Question 15

Synthesis of sec hormones

Answer 15

Leydig cells produce testosterone
Thecal/granulosa produce estrogen
Adrenal glands also produce

Question 16

External genitalia in males

Answer 16

Testosterone, 5 alpha-reductase, DHT, male outside

Question 17

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Answer 17

Enlarged adrenals and lack of enzyme to produce cortisol from adrenal cortex

Question 18

Masculinization of brain

Answer 18

Testosterone, aromatase, estrogen, male brain

Question 19

Sex determination

Answer 19

Initial event that determines whether the gonads will develop as testes or ovaries