Female Reproductive Behavior

Question 1

Fallopian tubes

Answer 1

Transport of eggs

Fertilization occurs

Question 2

Uterus

Answer 2

Site for fetal development

Question 3

Corpus luteum

Answer 3

Develops from ovarian follicle during luteal phase of menstrual cycle or estrous cycle following release of secondary oocyte from follicle during ovulation

Question 4

Female HPG axis

Answer 4

Hypothalamus releases GnRH
Anterior pituitary releases LH and FSH
Ovaries release estrogens and progesterone and inhibin

Question 5

Estradiol

Answer 5

Synthesized by granulosa cells in ovaries
Stimulated by FSH and LH
Acts in CNS to maintain libido and sexual behavior
Function of female reproductive organs
Oocyte maturation
Parturition and lactation
Metabolic functions. Anabolic: weight gain, bone mineral deposition

Question 6

Progesterone

Answer 6

Synthesized by corpus luteum
Stimulated by LH (primed by FSH)
Acts in CNS to increase sexual receptivity
Feedback regulation of GnRH, LH, and FSH
Effects on reproductive tract
Pregnancy
Metabolic function: increases basal metabolic rate and thermogenic action

Question 7

Inhibin

Answer 7

Regulates FSH secretion and ovarian function

Question 8

Prostaglandins

Answer 8

PGF2@ and PGE2 required for ovulation

Question 9

Insulin like growth factor

Answer 9

Stimulated granulosa cell proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, induced steroidogenesis, induced maturation

Question 10

Seasonal reproductive cycle

Answer 10

Related to environmental changes

Question 11

Estrous cycle

Answer 11

Visible sign of ovulation

A behavior strategy to ensure that the female is mated at time of ovulation

Question 12

Human menstrual cycle

Answer 12

One month intervals

Periodic shedding of endometrium

Question 13

Follicular phase

Answer 13

Increasing estradiol

Follicle with highest sensitivity to FSH chose

Question 14

Ovulation

Answer 14

Estradiol drops dramatically, LH and FSH spike
Rupture of follicular wall and release of oocyte
Other hormones: prostaglandin: histamine

Question 15

Luteal phase

Answer 15

Progesterone increases
Corpus luteum formed
Implanted or not

Question 16

Menstrual phase

Answer 16

First day of bleeding
Endometrium degenerates
Decrease in progesterone

Question 17

Proliferator phase

Answer 17

Between cessation of menstruation and ovulation
Endometrium regenerates and thickens
Estradiol induces endometrium and myometeium growth, as well as progesterone receptors

Question 18

Secretory phase

Answer 18

Ovary at luteal phase

Endometrium thickens and nourishes

Question 19

Menopause

Answer 19

Cessation of ovarian activity

Weak estrogen

Question 20

What happens if fertilization occurs?

Answer 20

Corpus luteum keeps producing progesterone to maintain pregnancy. After 5 weeks embryo does it on its own inhibits FSH and LH

Question 21

Maternal recognition of early pregnancy

Answer 21

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) rescues corpus luteum

Once embryo implants, hCG is rapidly produced and doubles every 2-3 days in early pregnancy

Question 22

Attractivity

Answer 22

Attractive value of female for male

Question 23

Proceptivity

Answer 23

Extent to which female initiates copulation

Question 24

Receptivity

Answer 24

State of responsiveness to sexual initiation

Question 25

Wellesley effect

Answer 25

Women menstrual cycles sync

Question 26

MPOA excitation

Answer 26

Receptive behavior

Question 27

Ovary

Answer 27

Produces hormones
Produces eggs
Functional units: ovarian follicles