quiz 3 Flashcards
The muscles of the floor of the mouth
- Mylohyoid: Flat triangular muscles that form the floor of the mouth
- Geniohyoid: Arises from lower jaw
- Stylohyoid: Arises from styloid process, Inserts into hyoid bone
- Digastric Belly (has 2 parts)
Hyoid:
•U- figured bone between the root of the tongue and the larynx. Embedded in base of tongue, Foundation of the tongue
Tongue
Includes tip, blade, center and back; Used during speech and oral swallow; Voluntary control
Soft palate
posterior part of palate
Larynx:
vocal box –>protect the airway
Salivary glands
Maintains oral moisture, Reduces tooth decay; Assists in digestion; Neutralizes stomach acid
Pharyngeal constrictors:
responsible for tongue base retraction AND simultaneous anterior bulging of posterior pharyngeal wall
Esophagus:
connects throat to stomach
Analgesics (pain killers):
Pain –> Ulceration of mouth, throat burning, mucosal hemorrhage, glossitis and dry mouth
Antibiotics:
Infection –>
Glossitis, stomatitis, esophagitis, confusion, disorientation, dysarthria, dysphagia (antivirals), weakness, lingual/facial dyskinesia, xerostomia, xerophonia, lingual edema
Antihistamines:
Allergies:
Drying effect of aerodigestive tract mucosa, decreasing gastrointestinal motility during swallow, ataxia, incoordination, dystonia, bruxism
Vitamins
Hypervitaminosis, fissures of the lips, dry mouth, abdominal discomfort
Anticonvulsants
Anti-seizure, mood stabilizer, pain –>
- Dry mouth, sweating, hypotension, tremor
- Ataxia, slurred speech and dystonia, 3. glossitis, stomatitis, dry mouth
Review the parts of a case study
- Identify chief complaint or define current status
- Type of dysphagia-liquids, foods, pills
- Onset, progression
- Recent pneumonia and probable causes
- Recent hospitalizations-reasons
- Associated symptoms- voice changes/weaknesses
- Present and past- illnesses, surgery, trauma
- Medications + reason
- Trauma
- Family history
- Social history
chin tuck benefits
a. For oral phase, helps with decreased base of tongue control
b. For pharyngeal issues, widens vallecula, narrows airway entrance
c. Protects trachea opening from aspiration by moving airway below the tongue base and epiglottis
chin tuck reason
reduced posterior motion of tongue base + delay in triggering pharyngeal swallow
Head tilt reason
inefficient oral transit
Head tilt benefits
uses gravity to clear oral gravity
Lateral
Generally tilt to intact side
Gravity pulls bolus to side of oral cavity with greater muscle tone
Mendelsohn Maneuver
Goal is to increase extent/duration of laryngeal elevation
Increase duration / width of CP opening
Directions
Swallow several times – feel Adam’s apple move
When you feel it lift, don’t let it drop. Hold it up with your muscles for a few
Effortful Swallow
Goal is to increase posterior motion and pressure of tongue base
Reduce residue
Directions
Squeeze hard with all your muscles when you swallow.
“Pretend you have a golf ball stuck in your throat! Work hard to get it down.”
Supraglottic Swallow
Goal is to close cords before/during the swallow
Directions
Take a deep breath and hold it
Hold while swallow, then cough
Masako
Goal is to increase superior constrictor – glossopharyngus
Increase retraction of tongue base and anterior bulge of posterior pharyngeal wall
Not done with food
Directions
Hold tongue between front teeth while you swallow.
