Quiz #3 Flashcards
what did researchers find, regarding divided attention, when they stimulated the conditions of a cocktail party that required younger and older participants to attend to stimuli from various sources?
younger participants performed better than older when cues came from multiple speakers at once
The___________memory involves the passive maintenance in the short-term store.
primary
studies show that older adults are more likely to avoid negative stimuli, which is known as:
positive bias
what are the first markers for cognitive change?
vision and hearing loss
Prospective memory is an important focus for researchers who want to ensure older adults are adhering to:
medication use
Psychologist Roger Dixon suggests we should look at changes as:
both losses and gains
Lucille’s granddaughter is planning her wedding and asks her grandmother to share stories about her own wedding. Lucille discovers she cannot recall many details. This situation reflects a loss of what type of memory?
episodic
Maria is looking at her calendar, stumped. She knows she has an appointment tomorrow, but cannot remember what it is. this situation is an example of a loss of which type of memory?
prospective
How do older adults compare to younger adults in terms of decision making?
older adults make decisions more quickly than younger adults
after breaking up her twin sons’ fight, Mary asks her mother, Georgia, what she did when Mary and her sister argued. Georgia answers that Mary and her brother never fought and that she only remembers the children playing well. This situation is an example of:
positive bias
Studies show that when older adults are reminded of stereotypes related to forgetfulness and age, they perform worse on memory tasks. Researchers hypothesize this is due to:
awareness of stereotypes consumes working-memory capacity
Which of the following are activities that would best delay cognitive decline?
specific training and running
Based on the Netherlands study (Ponds et al., 2000), which is most likely to be true of an adult, over the age of 50, who reports significant cognitive decline:
he/she will show no relationship between actual abilities and subjective assessments
how do young adults compare to middle-aged adults in terms of decision making?
younger adults examine all of the facts, while middle-aged adults start to consider the emotions involved
how is sociobiographical history related to cognitive declines with age?
the rate of decline is the same, regardless of education and social status
