Quiz 3 Flashcards
What does the endoderm develop into?
the gut and internal organs
What does the mesoderm develop into?
muscle, bone, and connective tissue
What does the ectoderm develop into?
nervous system and skin
What happens in the stage of “primary neuralation”
caudal and cranial nerves close off at the end of 4 weeks
What do the nerual crest and cranial placodes give rise to?
The PNS, specifically autonomic
Neural crest cells have extensive migrations and can differentiate into many different cells
What are placodes?
thickening of the ectoderm at the rostral end of neurocrests
This in combination with neural crest cells form sensory components of the PNS and head region
Describe the development of the neural tube
- neural plate forms
- neural groove and folds form
- neural tube starts to fold in on itself
What are the three primary brain vesicles and when do they appear?
- appear at the end of week 4
- prosencephalon (forebrain)
- mesencephalon (midbrain)
- rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
What does the prosencephalon give rise to?
telencephalon and diencephalon
What does the mesencephalon give rise to?
mesencephalon
What does the rhombencephalon give rise to?
metencephalon and myelencephalon
What do neuroepithelial cells give rise to and how do they divide?
Divide asymmetrically and give rise to radial glial and a neuron
Which is top and bottom of notch and numb?
Notch is top, numb is bottom
Describe how the brain grows in an inside out fashion
The newer neurons form on top, more in the cortical plate. Older neurons are deeper in the subventricular and ventricular zone.
Which layer/s are responsible for cortico connections and abstract thought?
Layers 2/3
Which neurons make up 80% of excitatory neurons?
cortical neurons
Which way does a pyramidal neuron grow?
Down
At what age do you have all the neurons you will ever have?
18 months
What does the potine flexure do?
Puts pressure on the rhombencephalon, causing the tube to open and flatten out
What do the rhombic lips form from?
Alar plate
Thickening of the basal part of wall next to the diencephalon forms what?
basal ganglia
Thickening of diencephalon forms what?
Thalamas and hypothalamus
The telencephalon fusing with the diencephalon forms what?
Insula
How long does the growth of the telencephalon take?
2 months
