Quiz 3

Question 1

Childhood Apraxia of speech

Answer 1

deficit in motor planning and programming of movement gestures for speech production

Question 2

Features of CAS

Answer 2

vowel & consonant distortions, inconsistent voicing errors, prosodic errors, imprecise movement transitions groping and/or trial error behavior

Question 3

Assessment of CAS

Answer 3

-Motor speech examination is the most important
-consider developmental Hx and medical Hx
-Language sample
-behavioral observations
-language & cognition assessment
-test of articulation/phonology
-oral mech

Question 4

Treatment of CAS

Answer 4

• more frequent, shorter sessions
• focus on movement rather than sound
• incorporate principles of motor learning
• articulatory, tactile/gestural, prosodic, augmentative device

Question 5

Cerebral Palsy

Answer 5

non-progressive disorder of motor control caused by damage to the brain during, pre- and post- natal periods

Question 6

Spastic CP, types

Answer 6

rigidness of muscles
hemiplegia: upper lower limbs on one side
Paraplegia: lower limbs and tourso
Diplegia: upper and lower but lower is more affected
Quadriplegia: all limbs equally impacted

Question 7

Dyskinesia CP

Answer 7

involuntary muscle movements, imprecise voluntary movements

Question 8

Ataxia CP

Answer 8

loss of muscle coordination and control

Question 9

Spasticity Speech Patterns

Answer 9

inadequate breath support, harsh voice, hyper nasal, imprecise consonant & vowel production

Question 10

Dyskinesia Speech

Answer 10

rapid irregular breath or reverse breathing, strained voice, hyper nasality, imprecise vowel & consonant productions

Question 11

Ataxia Speech

Answer 11

lack of expiratory control, harsh voice, imprecise productions of vowels & consonants

Question 12

Assessment of CP

Answer 12

• In addition to respiration, phonatory, resonatory and articulation analysis
• cognition
• audiological eval
• emotional behavior
• feeding/eating
• language competence
• Pre-speech skills and abilities (head control, feeding, babbling)

Question 13

Treatment of CP

Answer 13

-consonants produced correct in one place but not the other should be targeted first
-distortions should be treated before substitutions
- use a multiple auditory-visual stimulation approach
-some children may not be able to achieve typical articulation of all sounds, resonable compensation should be the goal

Question 14

Cleft lip/palate

Answer 14

most prevalent birth defect in the US, from genetic factors, environmental factors or embryological development

Question 15

Cleft Palate Speech

Answer 15

atypical consonant production, abnormal nasal resonance, abnormal nasal airflow, altered laryngeal voice quality, nasal/facial grimaces

Question 16

Assessment of Cleft Palate

Answer 16

1. language testing
2. audiometric evaluation
3. nasal emission test
4. hyper nasality test
5. hypo nasality test
6. phonation test
7. standardized speech assessment

Question 17

Treatment of Cleft Palate

Answer 17

-promote a more forward place of articulation
- improve velopharyngeal valve function
- modify compensatory articulations
- traditional motor approach (articulation)
- if there is a phonological error/disorder, treat that as well

Question 18

Down Syndrome

Answer 18

Range of mental deficits mild to severe, greater language abilities linked to early intervention and exposure to rich language environments

Question 19

Speech associated with Down Syndrome

Answer 19

inconsistent articulation errors, stuttering is common, receptive language is more intact than expressive language

Question 20

Assessment of Down Syndrome

Answer 20

1. articulation test
2. spontaneous speech sample
3. oro-mech exam
4. hearing acuity and middle ear function
5. language
6. assessment of environment

Question 21

Treatment of Down Syndrome

Answer 21

-cycles approach
-use over learned scripts
-train in natural environment
-early intervention
-follow developmental guidelines
-concentrate more on overall intelligibility rather than individual sounds
-direct activities in daily routine
-short repetitive and reinforced activities
-traditional motor approach WOULD NOT be valuable