Quiz 3 Flashcards
Main Effect/Interaction Effect?
Main effects: effects of each independent variable
Interaction effects: effects of one independent variable on the dependent are different for different levels of the other independent variable.
Comparative Vs. Developmental Research
Comparative: measure behavior of two or more types of subjects at once and describe them (ex: Aphasics vs. Controls)
Developmental: measure changes in behavior over time
- cross-sectional
- longitudinal
- semi-longitudinal
Bivalent vs. Multivalent
Bivalent: two values/levels of the independent variable
(ex: cochlear impact condition: turned on vs off)
Multivalent: three or more values/levels of the independent variable (ex: amount of bolus volume; 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10ml)
Correlation
measures strength of relationship between two variables, possible predictive value
Kinds of Qualitative Research
- observation
- interview
- narrative
- case-study
Independent Variable vs. Dependent Variable
IV: predictor variable; causes change in behaviors
DV: Predicted Variable; the behavior that is changed by IV
Extraneous Variable
can change/mediate UNINTENTIONALLY with the manipulation of the independent variable; affects the relationship between IVs and DVs (ex: age, gender, etc)
Controlled Variables
When extraneous variables are recognized and kept constant, so as to minimize their effects on the outcome (ex: time of day, order of tasks)
Active Variables
can be manipulated by you (ex: drug dose, amount of treatment time, etc)
Attribute/participate variable
you cannot manipulate these; characteristics of participants (ex: age, gender, hearing loss, etc)
Continuous vs categorical variables
Continuous are measured along a continuum, values change smoothly from one value to another (ex: height. weight, reaction times, etc)
Categorical take on set values; steps or categories; discrete variable (ex: gender, disorder)
