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Quiz #3 Biomechanics > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Compression

A

Squeezing or pressing force

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2
Q

Tension

A

Pulling or stretching force

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3
Q

Shear

A

Perpendicular force and directed parallel to a surface

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4
Q

Bending

A

Compression of one side and torsion on the other

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5
Q

Torsion

A

Twisting of the body

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6
Q

Deformation

A

Change in shape

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7
Q

Acute

A

Single force of sufficient magnitude that causes injury (macro-trauma)

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8
Q

Repetitive

A

Repeated loads over and over again

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9
Q

Chronic

A

Microtrauma

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10
Q

Vector resolution

A

Horizontal and vertical vector

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11
Q

Stiffness

A

Stress/strain in a loaded material

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12
Q

Stress

A

Loads that are put in bones (forces)

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13
Q

Strain

A

How much it deforms (deformation)

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14
Q

Collagen

A

Gives the ability to deform

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15
Q

Compression strength

A

Resist compression

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16
Q

Water content

A

25%-30% is water in bones

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17
Q

Cortical bone

A

The shaft of the long bone (smooth bone)

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18
Q

Trabecular bone

A

Has many pores in there (spongy bone)

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19
Q

Periosteum

A

A membrane that covers the bone

20
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone building

21
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Bone destroying

22
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Skull, vertebrae, sternum, ribs

23
Q

Appendicular skeleton

24
Q

Short bones

A

Wrist bones, ankle bones

25
Q

Flat bones

A

Sternum, patella, ribs, scapula

26
Q

Long bones

A

Humerus,ulna, femur, tibia, fibula

27
Q

Wolffs Law

A

States the shape of the bone density, and size depends on the loads that are being exerted on that bone

28
Q

Osteocyte

A

Control osteoblasts and osteoclasts

29
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A disorder, decreased bone mass and strength

30
Q

Osteopenia

A

Wearing that will eventually lead to osteoporosis

31
Q

Type l (post menopausal)

A

osteoporosis affects about 40% of women after age 50

32
Q

Type ll (age-associated)

A

Osteoporosis affects most women and men after the age 70

33
Q

Joints

A

The connection of two bones

34
Q

Synarthroses

35
Q

Amphisrthroses

A

Slightly moveable

36
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

Slightly moves, disc separating the bones

37
Q

Diarthroses or synovial joints

A

Freely moveable

38
Q

Gliding joint

A

Carpal bones of the wrist

39
Q

Uniaxial

A

Movement in one plane (knee, elbow)

40
Q

Pivot joint

A

Atlas and axis allow rotation

41
Q

Saddle joint

A

Occurs in the thumb

42
Q

Condyloid

A

Biaxial (metacarpals , phalanges)

43
Q

Articular cartilage

A

1mm thick increases the surface by replacing the force within the body , it’s more for lubrication to allow smooth movements

44
Q

Articular fibrocartilage

A

Soft tissue discs or menisci , spread that load over a larger surface area

45
Q

ROM

A

Angle through which a joint moves

Quiz #3 Biomechanics (2 decks)

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