Quiz 3

Question 1

Three parameters of vowels

Answer 1

• tongue/jaw height
• tongue frontness or backness
• lip rounding

Question 2

Three parameters of consonants

Answer 2

• voicing
• place of articulation
• manner of articulation

Question 3

Characteristics of vowels

Answer 3

• segments produced with relatively open or unobstructed vocal tract
• always voiced
• three parameters

Question 4

Characteristics of consonants

Answer 4

• segments produced with relatively closed vocal tract

- three parameters

Question 5

Place of [p], [b], [m]

Answer 5

bilabial

Question 6

place of [f] and [v]

Answer 6

labiodental

Question 7

Place of [θ] and [ð]

Answer 7

interdental

Question 8

Place of [t], [d], [s], [z], [n], [r], [l]

Answer 8

alveolar

Question 9

Place of [ʃ ], [ʒ], [ʧ], [ʤ], [j]

Answer 9

Palatal

Question 10

Place of [k], [g], [ŋ]

Answer 10

velar

Question 11

Place of [h], [ʔ]

Answer 11

glottal

Question 12

Manner of [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [g]

Answer 12

Stops

Question 13

Manner of [m], [n], [ŋ]

Answer 13

Nasals

Question 14

Manner of [f], [v], [s], [z], [θ], [ð], [h], fancy s

Answer 14

Fricatives

Question 15

Manner of [ʧ], [ʤ]

Answer 15

affricatives

Question 16

Manner of [l]

Answer 16

Lateral Approximants

Question 17

Manner of [r]

Answer 17

Retroflex Approximants

Question 18

Manner of [w], [j]

Answer 18

Glide Approximants

Question 19

semivowels

Answer 19

• Between the vowels and obstruent consonants
• Vocal tract is narrowed, but not to the point of producing air turbulence
• /j/ and /w/ in English

Question 20

Vocalic

Answer 20

-Produced with an oral cavity that is not constricted any more than is necessary for the high vowels /i/ and /u/ or the liquids and with the vocal folds adducted for spontaneous voicing
+ vocalic: all vowels + l, r

Question 21

Consonantal

Answer 21

-Consonantal segments produced with an audible constriction in the vocal tract
+ consonantal: All consonants
- consonantal: vowels

Question 22

Sonorant

Answer 22

-Produced without the imbalance of air pressure in the vocal tract that causes turbulence
+sonorant: vowels, nasals, liquids, glides

Question 23

Coronal

Answer 23

Articulated with the tip and/or blade of the tongue; the tongue is raised from its neutral position

Question 24

Anterior

Answer 24

-Produced with an obstruction located at or anterior to that necessary for the alveopalatal /ʃ/ within the oral cavity

Question 25

high

Answer 25

By raising the body of the tongue above the neutral position required for the schwa

Question 26

low

Answer 26

By lowering the body of the tongue below the neutral position for the schwa

Question 27

back

Answer 27

By moving the tongue back from the position for the schwa

Question 28

continuant

Answer 28

Produced with incomplete constriction so that the airflow is not blocked.
-continuant: oral/nasal stops and affricates

Question 29

Strident

Answer 29

Friction than is nosier than usual; characterized by considerable noise
+ strident: all fricatives except /θ/, /ð/, and /h/

Question 30

distributed

Answer 30

The tongue is extended for some distance in the mouth

+distributed: /ʃ/ /ʒ/, affricates, and /w/, /j/

Question 31

Rounded

Answer 31

Made by pursing the lips

/r/, /w/

Question 32

Nasal

Answer 32

Lowering the soft palate (=the velum)

Question 33

Lateral

Answer 33

The airflow is over and around the sides of the tongue

Question 34

Voiced

Answer 34

Vocal folds vibration

Question 35

Tense

Answer 35

-With the considerable muscular contraction in the root of the tongue
+tense: all voiceless sounds

Question 36

Front

Answer 36

Vowels made anterior to the central plane (schwa)

Question 37

Advanced

Answer 37

-Vowels produced with a forward positioning of the tongue

/a/ for the diphthongs

Question 38

Rhotic

Answer 38

-Vowels with r-coloring

/ɚ/ and /ɝ/