Quiz

Question 1

insulin produced in the liver by

Answer 1

islets of langerhans

Question 2

functions of glucose

Answer 2

enhances glucose transport across cell membranes
decreases blood glucose by enhancing storage of glucose
enhances amino acid transport into cells

Question 3

alpha cells produce ____ which _____ blood glucose

Answer 3

glucagon, raises

Question 4

beta cells produce ___ which ____ blood glucose

Answer 4

insulin, decreases

Question 5

which processes increase blood glucose level between meals and helps maintain the blood glucose level to prevent hypoglycemia?

Answer 5

1. glycogenolysis

2. gluconeogenesis

Question 6

diabetes mellitus is a dx where insulin is absent/deficient/ineffective, therefore, blood glucose ___

Answer 6

increases to abnormal levels

Question 7

most common cause of type 1 DM is

Answer 7

immune-related

Question 8

insulin normally ___ lipolysis

Answer 8

inhibits

Question 9

with absolute absence of insulin, formation of ___ is more likely to occur as a result of excessive fat breakdown

Answer 9

ketones

Question 10

type 2 diabetes obesity called ____ and is r/t ___

Answer 10

diabesity, metabolic syndrome

Question 11

after a “load” is given, blood samples drawn; individuals without DM exhibit normal glucose within 2-3 hrs

Answer 11

OGTT

Question 12

preferred diagnostic test, easily admined at low cost

Answer 12

FBS

Question 13

measure % of HgB that has combined permanently with glucose during the past 3 months; less than 7% indicates diabetes

Answer 13

A1C

Question 14

an insulin rxn caused by an insulin level in excess of body’s current needs

Answer 14

hypoglycemia

Question 15

most a/w excessive fat breakdown (lipolysis) when insulin is lacking

Answer 15

DKA

Question 16

a/w high glucose levels

Answer 16

HHS & DKA

Question 17

condition with most rapid onset

Answer 17

hypoglycemia

Question 18

precipitated by stress

Answer 18

DKA & hypoglycemia

Question 19

involves move’t of H2O out of brain cells as extremely high blood glucose exerts an osmotic effect; may involve severe neurological alterations

Answer 19

HHS – hyperosmolar nonketocit syndrome

Question 20

seen most often in a/w type 2 DM

Answer 20

HHS

Question 21

manifestations of hypoglycemia (adrenergic):

Answer 21

pallor, diaphoreses, shakiness

Question 22

polydipsia defined as

Answer 22

increased thirst and fluid intake

Question 23

most active form of thyroid hormone

Answer 23

T3 (3 iodides attached to tyrosine)

Question 24

sluggishness, sleeping more than normal:

Answer 24

hypothyroid

Question 25

bradycardia and low cardiac output:

Answer 25

hypothyroid

Question 26

wt gain that presents as edema; may lead to life-threatening coma:

Answer 26

hypoglycemia

Question 27

high thyroid hormone levels likely to ___ production of TRH and TSH

Answer 27

inhibit

Question 28

cold temps ____ thyroid production by stimulating TRH release from the ____

Answer 28

trigger, hypothalamus

Question 29

radiation of the neck is more likely to cause primary hypothyroidism

Answer 29

true (primary is the actual thyroid)

Question 30

grave’s disease is a rare form of hyperthyroidism

Answer 30

false (very common dx)