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Socio 1 > Quiz 2 Vocab > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Social Stratification

A

-Persistent sorting of social groups into enduring hierarchies
-Existence of structured inequalities between groups in society in terms of their access to material (money) or symbolic (status) rewards

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2
Q

Structured Inequalities

A

-Those that are the result of social structure
-One group of people are attributed to an unequal status in relation to others in the category

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3
Q

Class

A

The positions in which people are sorted into based on their economic resources that influence the type of lifestyle they are able to lead

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4
Q

Social mobility

A

Opportunity to move up or down in the economic hierarchy

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5
Q

Quintile

A

Any of the five equal groups a population is divided into based on their income

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6
Q

Capitalism

A

An economic system based on private ownership of the resources used to create wealth & the right of individuals to personally profit

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7
Q

Proletariat

A

-Only have their labor
-Employed by Bourgeoisie
-Owns neither products / profits

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8
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

-Employs workers for their labor
-Owns means of production
-Owns products/profits

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9
Q

Means of production

A

Resources that could be used to create wealth

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10
Q

Labor

A

Work that is harsh on the body

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11
Q

Alienation

A

Occurs when workers who do not own their own profits & products of their labor feel disconnected from their labor
-makes labor less satisfying

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12
Q

Crisis of Capitalism

A

-Bourgeoisie would set up systems allowed them to extract wealth from workers’ labor
-Winner takes it all
-Proletariat develops class consciousness & revolution occur
-Socialism replaces capitalism

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13
Q

Class consciousness

A

The understanding that an individual is a member of a group with shared economic interests

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14
Q

Labor Unions

A

Associations that organize workers so they can negotiate with their employers as a group instead of individuals

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15
Q

Wealth gaps

A

Differences in the amount of money & economic assets owned by people from different social identity groups

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16
Q

The American Dream

A

Idea that hard work will lead to mobility and wealth

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17
Q

Horatio Alger

A

Created the myth that anyone could work hard and become a rich “self-made” man

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18
Q

The Treadmill of Production

A

Used to describe how industrial systems continually increase their rate of growth

-Growth is seen to be an inherent good and economic necessity
-Encourage use of energy and resources to create growth
-Little room for environmental concerns
-Produce tremendous waste

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19
Q

Ludlow Massacre

A

-Ludlow coal miners became tired of their harsh working conditions which then motivated them to strike
-Mine owners were not happy with what the strikers wanted/did and terrorized/evicted them
-Mine owners saw this strike to be a negative impact to their industry as well as a slower production
-Violence and death was the result of this; also a labor movement in the US was inspired

20
Q

Race

A

A socially constructed category rooted in the belief that there are fundamental differences among humans that are associated with phenotype and ancestry

ex: Asian

21
Q

Ethnicity

A

A type of social identity defined by ancestry (perceived/real) and cultural differences

ex: Chinese

22
Q

Racism

A

Refers to a society’s production of unjust outcomes for some racial and ethnic groups

23
Q

Institutional racism

A

widespread and enduring practices persistently disadvantage some racial and ethnic groups while advantaging others

ex: residential segregation

24
Q

Overt racism

A

Racism in individual attitudes, perceptions, beliefs

25
Q

Colorblind racism

A

The means of maintaining racial inequality without appearing racist; efforts to deny that racism exists oppose policies that would reduce racial inequalities

26
Q

Microaggressions

A

Brief and commonplace verbal, behavioral, environmental indignities (whether intentional or unintentional) that communicate hostile, derogatory, negative racial slights and insults towards people of color

ex: you don’t act like you’re from “a lower income place”

27
Q

Residential segregation

A

Sorting of different types of people into separate neighborhoods

28
Q

Redlining

A

Refusing loans or overcharging anyone buying in Black and Brown neighborhoods

29
Q

White fight

A

Occurred when policies and practices failed → minorities faced organized White resistance to integration

30
Q

White flight

A

a phenomenon where White people began to leave a neighborhood when minority residents began to move in

31
Q

The model minority myth

A

minority group whose members are perceived as having achieved success through hard work and determination: perceived as being suitable models for other minorities to emulate

-Impacts Asian Americans: it sets up expectations that certain group of Asians must do well in school
-Harmful because of: stereotypes, pitted communities against each other, discrimination

32
Q

Sex

A

Refers to the physical differences in the primary and secondary sexual characteristics

33
Q

Gender

A

Refers to the symbolism of masculinity & feminity that we connect to being male-bodied and female-bodied

34
Q

The gender binary

A

Ideology that there are only two types of people: male-bodied (masculine) and female-bodied (feminine)

35
Q

Sexism

A

production of unjust outcomes for people who are perceived to be biologically female

36
Q

Androcentrism

A

production of unjust outcomes for people who perform feminitiy

37
Q

The stalled gender revolution

A

Lots of progress has been made toward gender equality but the pace has slowed, stopped and even reversed in some way since the 1960s

38
Q

Legitimation

A

process by which a potentially controversial social fact is made acceptable

39
Q

Gender identity

A

refers to an individual’s own perception of their man-ness and woman-ness

40
Q

Gender expression

A

refers to the way in which an individual their gender according to their outward actions/appearance; relates to one’s feminity or masculinity

41
Q

Anatomical/biological sex

A

an individual’s female-ness or male-ness in regards to their biological characteristics

42
Q

Transgender

A

an individual’s gender expression or identity does not correspond to their sex assigned at birth

43
Q

Cisgender

A

an individual’s gender expression or identity corresponds to their sex assigned at birth

44
Q

Nonbinary

A

refers to an individual’s identity in which they do not identify as male or female

45
Q

Intersectionality

A

recognition that our lives are shaped by multiple interacting identities; how we understand and change the world

Socio 1 (2 decks)

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