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Virology > Quiz 2-Ruminants Systemic > Flashcards

Quiz 2-Ruminants Systemic Flashcards

1
Q

Apthovirus from the Picornaviridae family

Whats the name of this virus?

A

FMD

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2
Q

Who is refractory to FMD?

A

Horses

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3
Q

What is the morbidity/mortality for FMD?

A

High morbidity

Low mortatlity

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4
Q

Is FMD zoonotic?

A

Not recognized as zoonotic but can infect humans

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5
Q

What is the important to remember about FMD economically?

A

NOTIFIABLE

Trade barrier, and heavy monetary losses.

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6
Q

FMD also stands for what?

A

Fast moving disease

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7
Q

What is the virus name for FMD?

A

Aphtovirus

Picoviridae

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8
Q

How does FMD replicate?

A

cytoplasm, exits by lysis

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9
Q

Who does FMD effect?

A

Ruminants and swine

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10
Q

This disease has 7 serotypes

A

FMD

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11
Q

Are there Vacc for FMD?

A

Yes-BUT not always efficient bc of the antigenic drift and the amount of serotypes

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12
Q

What would happen if you introduced FMD into a niave population?

A

Shedding starts BEFORE c/s so you wouldn’t know.

Stable in the environment-naked

Highly infectious

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13
Q

What are your CS for FMD

A

Fever-can cause abortion from fever

Drop in milk production

Drooling

**Vesicles in tongue, gums, interdigital space, coronary bands, teats

After vescle rupture, ulcerative lesions–secondary infections

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14
Q

You have a pig that is lame, what dz can you suspect?

A

FMD-painful for them to stand

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15
Q

What is the main route of infect for FMD?

what are the other ways?

A

Inhalation of droplets

but also infection from food, contaminated vacc/semen and fomites

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16
Q

What is important to remember about the pathogenesis of FMD

A

Replicates in the pharynx

Followed by viremia which at this point EXCRETION OF VIRUS 24 BEFORE ONSET OF C/S

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17
Q

In what animals is FMD persistant in, and how long?

A

Cattle-2yrs
Sheep 6 mo

NOT in pigs

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18
Q

What are you DDx for FMD?

A

Vesicular stomatitis
Swine vesicular dz
Vesicular exanthema of swine

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19
Q

How do you diagnose FMD?

A

Ag enzyme immunoassay

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20
Q

Control for FMD

A

Vacc in endemic areas

Cull positive or if not culling, the animals has a long recovery

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21
Q

What parts of the world do you have FMD?

A

WW except US and Europe

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22
Q

What dz is pestivirus from Flaviviridae

A

BVD

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23
Q

Where do you find BVD?

A

WW

very important in dairy and beef cattle

24
Q

Whats the morb/mort in BVD?

A

High morb and mort

25
Q

What disease? Younger animals after maternal ab decline. pankleukopenia.

Other animals diarrhea, nasal and ocular discharge
some erosive stomatitis

drop in milk yield in dairy cows

can cause secondary infections

A

BVD

postnatal infection of non pregnant cattle

26
Q

What dz?
Transplacental spread.

The outcome depends on the virus stain and the age of the fetus (the immunologic maturity)

A

BVD of pregnant cows

27
Q

When will calves get the PI and MD of BVD?

A

Superinfection with a homologous BVDV

Mutation of the ncp to cytopathic cp variant

Vacc with MLV BVD strain homologous to the ncp PI virus they can develop MD

28
Q

At what age do cattle get the MD of PI in BVD?

A

6-18 mo old

29
Q

What dz?
Biphasic fever, anorexia, tachycardia, polypnea, decreased milk production, watery diarrhea

Feces may have blood and foul odor

Erosions and ulcers on tongue, palate, gingival. Or interdigital regions, coronary bands, teats, vulva and prepuce.

Other signs might be: nasal-ocular discharge, corneal opacity, hypersalivation, decreased rumination and blat

A

Acute mucosal dz of BVD

30
Q

What dz?
cattle may have intermittent diarrhea, chronic bloat, decreased appetite and weight loss

Nasal-ocular discharge

A

Chronic mucosal dz of BVD

31
Q

Can cattle survive the MD of BVD?

A

Rarely

32
Q

What are the 2 biotypes of BVD

A

cytopathic, and noncytopathogenic

33
Q

Where does BVD primarily replicate?

A

Tonsils, nasal mucosa.
then to LN, spleen, thymus.

With the high virulence it can go to the T cell dependent areas and BM

34
Q

Which form of BVD is there a persistant viremia?
Why is it persistant?
How does it spread?

A

noncytopathogenic

It can inhibit interferon 1

Transplacental and intrauterine

35
Q

What kind of samples can you take to diagnose BVD?

A

feces
nasal discharge
blood
tissue collected from necropsy or aborted fetuses

36
Q

How do you diagnose BVD?

A

You can have a presumptive dx based on clincal history, reproduction records, c/s, gross and microscopic lesions

Viral Ag detection
RT-PCR

37
Q

What do you need to consider when diagnosing BVD with immunotolerant state of some animals?

A

The interpretation of seronegative results

38
Q

Control of BVDV?

A

detect PI animals and cull

39
Q

Do we have vacc for BVDV?

A

Yes. Attenuated is used mostly.

These can cause PI to develop the MD

40
Q

Deltaretrovirus from Retroviridae is what?

A

Bovine Infectious Leukosis

41
Q

Who does Bovine Infectious Leukosis infect?

A

Cows, sheep and goats.

Causes lymphosarcoma in sheep

42
Q

Asymptomatic

30% will develop persistent lymphocytosis with no c/s

__-__ yr of age will develop lymphoid tumors

Lymphosarcomas present on LN, abomasum, heart, spleen, kidneys, uterus, spinal meninges, and brain but where will you not find malignant cells?

A

Bovine Infectious Leukosis

4-8

wont find malignant cells in the BLOOD

43
Q

What lymphocyte is mostly affected in Bovine Leukosis

A

B cells

44
Q

Dx of Bovine Infectious Leukosis?

A

Ab ELISA

45
Q

How is Bovine infectious leukosis spread?

A

Horizontal transmission requires close prolonged contact.

Iatrogenic

Transplacental?

46
Q

Control of Bovine Infectious leukosis

A

Test and removal programs in US and Canada

47
Q

Herpesviridae, acelaphine herpesvirus __??

A

Malignant catarrhal fever

herpesvirus 1

48
Q

What is the genus and family for Malignant catarrhal fever

A

herpesviridae, acelaphine herpesvirus 1

49
Q

What dz do you see infection in Africa and in zoos from subclinical wildebeest? esp during calving times

A

Malignant Catarrhal fever

50
Q

What dz can you see outside Africa, in close contact with sheep at lambing?

A

Malignant catarrhal fever

51
Q

What dz can you see in feedlot cattle in US with no conatct with sheep with minor epidemics

A

Malignant like catarrhal fever

52
Q

Bilateral ophtalmia
Generalized lymphadenopathy
Extensive mucosal erosions
Diarrhea and CNS signs

A

Malignant Catarrhal fever

53
Q

Dx of Malignant catarrhal fever?

A

History and C/S

54
Q

Dx of Malignant catarrhal fever?

A

History and C/S

Confirmed by virus isolation in calf thryoid cells

55
Q

How can you control Malignant catarrhal fever?

A

Cattle are dead end with transmission being ineffective

56
Q

What is the family genus name for BVD

A

Pestivirus

Flaviviridae

57
Q

What is the family genus name for FMD?

A

Picornaviridae

Apthovirus

Virology (4 decks)

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