Quiz 2: Representative topics

Question 1

process

Answer 1

a program in execution; process execution must progress in sequential fashion

Question 2

states of a process

Answer 2

new, ready, running, waiting, terminated

Question 3

process control block (PCB)

Answer 3

• process state
• process number
• process counter
• CPU REGISTERS
• Memory Limits
• List of open files

Question 4

context switch

Answer 4

when CPU switches to another process

- the system must save state of old process, and load saved state for the new process via a CONTEXT SWITCH

Question 5

fork()

Answer 5

creates a new process

Question 6

exec()

Answer 6

used after fork() to replace the processes memory space with a new program

Question 7

shared memory

Answer 7

a region of memory that is shared by cooperating processes is established.

Question 8

message passing

Answer 8

communication takes place by means of messages exchanged between the cooperating processes

Question 9

socket client-server

Answer 9

sockets: defined as an endpoint for communication
concatenation of IP address and port
communication consist between a pair of sockets

Question 10

remote procedure calls

Answer 10

RPC abstracts procedure calls between processes on networked systems.
Stubs: client-side proxy for the actual procedure on the server.

The client-side stub locates the server and MARSHALLS the parameters.
The server-side stub receives message, unpacks the MARSHALLED PARAMETERS, and performs the procedure on the server

Question 11

threads

Answer 11

a thread: performs one task
- extension of a process to have multiple threads of execution performing more than one task at a time in a single process
(and each thread has something to do)

Benefits of threads:

• responsiveness
• resource sharing
• economy
• scalability