Quiz 1 - pt. 2

Question 1

virtualization:

Answer 1

allows OS’s to run apps within other OS’s

OS natively compiled for CPU running guest OS’s also natively compiled.
ex:
- VMware running Win10 guests, each running apps, all on native Win10 host OS
- Virtual Machine Manager provides virtualization services

Question 2

What are the 3 advantages of a multiprocessor system?

Answer 2

• increased throughout
• economy of scale
• increased reliability

Question 3

multiprocessor systems:

AKA: parallel or multicore systems

Answer 3

two or more processors in close communication, sharing the computer bus and sometimes the clock, memory, and peripheral devices.

Question 4

SMP:

Answer 4

Symmetric Multiprocessing

• all processors are equivalent
• each can do the same calculations

Question 5

Two types of Multiprocessing:

Answer 5

1. Asymmetric Multiprocessing

2. Symmetric Multiprocessing

Question 6

multicore:

Answer 6

multiple cores on a single chip.

• can be more efficient than multiple chips with single cores
• on-chip is faster than between-chip communication
• uses less power than multiple single-core chips

Question 7

multiprogramming:

Answer 7

need for efficiency! Increases CPU utilization by organizing jobs (code and data) so that the CPU always has one to execute

• makes use of job scheduling
• when waiting, OS switches to another job

Question 8

multitasking:

AKA: timesharing

Answer 8

logical extension in which CPU switches jobs so frequently that users can interact with each job while it is running- creating

Question 9

virtual memory allows:

Answer 9

execution of processes not completely in memory

Question 10

Dual-mode:

Answer 10

allows OS to protect itself and other system components

Question 11

mode bit:

Answer 11

added to the hardware of the computer to indicate the current mode

kernel(0) or user(1)

Question 12

A single-threaded process has one specifying:

Answer 12

location of the next instruction to execute!

- process executes instructions sequentially until completion

Question 13

security:

Answer 13

defense of the system against internal and external attacks

- DOS, works, viruses, identity theft, theft of service….

Question 14

protection:

Answer 14

any mechanism for controlling access of processes (or users) to resources defined by the OS

Question 15

privilege escalation:

Answer 15

allows user to change to effective ID with more rights

Question 16

distributed systems (computing environments):

Answer 16

a collection of physical separate, possible heterogeneous, computer systems that are networked to provide users with access to true various resources that the system maintains

Question 17

common networks:

Answer 17

• LAN: local-area network
• WAN: wide-area network
• MAN: metropolitan area network
• PAN: personal area network

Question 18

real-time embedded:

Answer 18

has well-defined fixed constraints. The processing must be done within the constraint because the correct operation of the system only occurs if the constraints are met.

most prevalent form of computing
- car engines, DVD players, microwave ovens, etc.

Question 19

client-server:

Answer 19

terminals connected to centralized systems.
- many systems are now servers, responding to requests generated by clients

1. compute-server system
2. file-server system

Question 20

cloud computing:

Answer 20

type of computing that delivers computing, storage, and apps as service across a network!

• logical extension of virtualization