Quiz 2, Renal SP2015 incomplete Flashcards
Horseshoe kidneys are more commonly fused to which pole?
Lower
What are the two most common locations of an ectopic kidney?
Lower abdomen
Pelvis
What kidney condition is very common, are usually asymptomatic and only identified on imagining or post mortem? They can cause local pain and potentially change overall renal function.
Cystic lesions
What conditions presents microscopically with:
Large cysts lined by flattened cuboidal epithelium
Intervening parenchyma that is fibrotic with islands of bluish cartilage?
Childhood PKD (cystic renal dysplasia)
What is adult PKD more commonly associated with than childhood PKD?
Liver cysts
What is the difference between childhood and adult PKD?
Childhood -autosomal recessive
Adult - autosomal dominant
What are dialysis patients who develop renal cysts at an increased risk for?
Renal cell carcinoma
What condition involves cysts in the inner medullary and papillary region while the renal cortex appears normal?
Medullary sponge kidney
What category of kidney problem is characterized by thickening of the basement membrane and proliferation of mesangial, endothelial, and epithelial cells?
Glomerular disease
What kidney condition is characterized by thickening of the basement membrane and proliferation of mesangial, endothelial, and epithelial cells?
Glomerular disease
In glomerular disease immune complexes, which deposit on the epithelial membrane, are the result of what antibodies?
Anti-GBM
What are 4 criteria for nephrotic syndrome?
Proteinuria
Decreased serum proteins
Increased serum lipid levels
Generalized edema
What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
Lipoid nephrosis/minimal change disease
Lipoid nephrosis generally exhibits selective proteinuria. Which protein is the only one lost in the urine?
Albumin
What does lipoid nephrosis look like microscopically?
Nothing, hence the name minimal change (nil) disease.
May see flattening of the foot processes
No immune complexes are seen
