Quiz 2 Lectures 5-8

Question 1

Enzymes

Answer 1

Speed up reaction

Question 2

antibodies

Answer 2

found in the immune system(blood)

Question 3

amino acids

Answer 3

make up protein
there is 20
4 groups (carboxyl, amino group, H atom, and side chain R)

Question 4

Primary structure

Answer 4

made up by amino acids

Question 5

secondary structure

Answer 5

alpha helix and beta sheets (groups of amnino acids)

Question 6

tertiary/ monomer

Answer 6

combo of secondary (have a C and N terminal )

Question 7

Quarterary structure

Answer 7

comples molecule of momoners

Question 8

peptide bonds

Answer 8

hold amino acids together internaly

Question 9

carboxyl bonds

Answer 9

hold sperate AA together externaly

Question 10

Ionic bond in adsorption

Answer 10

Electron is given (o-n) fundemantal forces that influences protein adsorption

Question 11

Hydrophobic bond in adsorption

Answer 11

Non-covalent binding (strong bond) (water has no effect) (r-r)

Question 12

Hydrogen bond in adsorption

Answer 12

(h-o)makes a water bridge where photons can be transfered through

Question 13

Solid liquid interface in adsorption

Answer 13

surface of biosensors
ideal for marine fouling, bacterial adhesion, cell growth
all types of protein adsorption to occur that exists in such and enviornment

Question 14

Denaturation of proteins

Answer 14

when they lose their normal funciton or structure. random coils become more likely. stability is lost. less dense. negitive effect on adsorption

Question 15

air water interface

Answer 15

foaming and interfacial coagulation

Question 16

oil water interface

Answer 16

receptor proteins in the cell membrane that serve signaling functions (phospholipids- membranes that act like oil)

Question 17

Indirect practical techniques

Answer 17

Raman, Uv/Vis, AFM, SEM, TEM

Question 18

Direct theoretical techniques

Answer 18

Mathematical modeling, molecular dynamics simulations

Question 19

Affinity interactions

Answer 19

-high specificity allows for wide range of appliucations
-strength is based off nonbinding tneractiosn and stability constant
- synthetic are used due to cheep and stable
- common analytical method is immunoassay

Question 20

Immunosensors

Answer 20

• key compound= antibodies
• immune response is elecited by immunogens
• Relys on species in immune response

Question 21

Antigen-antibody binding ( affinity based interactions)

Answer 21

• Fc region= generates appropriet response for a particular antigen
• Fab region is where binding can occur
• Imobilization (of Fc) takes place using linker molecules
• Sulfide bonds reduce entropic penalty when immobalized for long periods of time

Question 22

Receptors and how they different from antibodies

Answer 22

Are proteins with in a membrane, where AB are outside a membrane

Question 23

Oil-water detects what?

Answer 23

detects cellular entities

Question 24

solid- liquid detects what?

Answer 24

detects the smallest quantities of a protein

Question 25

methods to study protein adsorption events

Answer 25

Direct practicle vs indirect theoretical

Question 26

what happenes to internal hydrophobic residues when a protein binds to a surface

Answer 26

they are exposed

Question 27

non covalent bonds among side chains pertaining to adsoption

Answer 27

H2, salt bridges, hydrophobic, water bridges

Question 28

risk of antibody immobalization

Answer 28

lose of activity due to tipping on its side

Question 29

what does a high affinity constant allow for

Answer 29

deign assays with a LOD down to nano and picomoles

Question 30

solid-phase immunoassay

Answer 30

- seperation of reagents - high specicifity of the analyte

Question 31

High values of Phi and Da in Mass transport

Answer 31

indicate presence of external; diffusional limitations Not practical to solve by stirring(increasing convection)

Question 32

parameters that effect adsorption of proteins

Answer 32

-leteral interactions - cohesive forces - atractive forces - repulsive forces - activation energies