Quiz 2 (Axial Skeletal System)

Question 1

What is the Function of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

• Support: is the body’s infrastructure
• Storage of minerals: Calcium
• Blood cell production: Bone marrow produces RBC’s, WBC’s, and platelets
• Protection: protects delicate organs
• Leverage: help produce movement

Question 2

Fibrous layer on outer bony surfaces.

Answer 2

Periosteum

Question 3

Cellular layer on inner bony surfaces.

Answer 3

Endosteum

Question 4

_________ fibers lay along the tensional force lines which provides tensile strength.

Answer 4

Collagen

Question 5

What binds to collagen fibers to make bone so strong?

Answer 5

Hydroxyapatite crystals

Question 6

Hydroxyapetite crystals provide ___________ strength?

Answer 6

Compressional

Question 7

Mature bone cells. They maintain and monitor protein and mineral content of bone tissue.

Answer 7

Osteocytes

Question 8

Immature, active cells. They are found on the inner and outer surfaces of bone. They are responsible for osteogenesis.

Answer 8

Osteoblasts

Question 9

Stem cells that divide and differentiate to form new osteoblasts.

Answer 9

Osteoprogenitor cells

Question 10

Giant multinucleated cells that perform osteolysis. They release proteolytic enzymes and acids that break down bones.

Answer 10

Osteoclasts

Question 11

Relatively dense and solid tissue. Makes up the diaphysis of long bones.

Answer 11

Compact bone

Question 12

Airy tissue made up of interconnected struts and plates of bone tissue. Found mainly in the epiphysis of long bones.

Answer 12

Spongy bone

Question 13

What is the functional difference between compact and spongy bone?

Answer 13

Compact bone generates tremendous strength from end to end but spongy bone creates strength to with stress from the side.

Question 14

Histologically what is the difference between compact and spongy bone?

Answer 14

Compact bone is made up of osteons but spongy bone is made up of trabeculae

Question 15

Yellow bone marrow is dominated by _________.

Answer 15

Adipocytes

Question 16

Red bone marrow is dominated by immature _________ and their ____________.

Answer 16

Blood cells

Stem cells

Question 17

Epiphyses are filled with ________ bone that is resistant to forces in __________. Histilogically it is made up f ___________.

Answer 17

Compact
The side
Trabelulae

Question 18

The diaphysis contains ________ bone that resists tension and compression from ______________. Histilogically it is made up of__________.

Answer 18

Compact
End to end or top to bottom
Osteons