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Quiz 2 Flashcards

Renaissance

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1
Q

King’s Company & Duke’s Company

A

The two companies formed early in the reign of Charles II

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2
Q

Drury Lane Theatre

A

A Restoration theatre from a patent that Charles II granted Thomas Killgrew in 1662

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3
Q

Black Death

A

1347-1350; the Bubonic Plague; took out half the population of Europe

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4
Q

Humanism

A

The belief that people, not religion, should be the focus of things. Big in the Italian Renaissance era

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5
Q

Guttenberg Printing Press

A

made in 1450, important because it allows us to reproduce and mass-distribute manuscripts

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6
Q

Teatro Olimpico

A

The oldest surviving theatre constructed during the Italian Renaissance

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7
Q

Andrea Palladio

A

influential Italian architect (1518-1580)

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8
Q

Nell Gwynn

A

Most famous actress of the Charles II era, and his mistress

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9
Q

Playhouse Creatures

A

1993 play by April DeAngelis about women on stage in the Restoration

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10
Q

Samuel Pepy

A

personal friend of Thomas Killigrew, manager of the King’s Company

    • Had a diary that covers 1660-1669
    • went to the theatre 351 times
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11
Q

John Dryden

A

1631-1700;
graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge
– Dominant literary figure of the Restoration; poet, translator, playwright, essaysist
– 1668 (Poet Laureate)

–All For Love (1678); a tragedy based on Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra

– Marriage a la Mode (1672) ; comedy

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12
Q

Comedies of Intrigue

A

Restoration Comedy with daring exploits of romance and adventure, and complicated plots.

– Aphra Behn (1640 - 1689)

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13
Q

Comedies of Manners

A

Restoration Comedy with focus on the fashions and foibles of the upper class

(influenced by Moiliere)

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14
Q

Rakes

A

Restoration Comedy trope:

    • opportunistic young men, attractive to women and on the prowl;
    • selfish, witty, used people
    • initiated the action
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15
Q

Fops

A

Restoration Comedy trope:

    • fools, would-be rakes, had a penchant for fashion and silliness
    • source of humor, but oblivious to their own silliness
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16
Q

Aphra Behn

A

(1640-1689)

    • First professional Female Playwright
    • English
    • The Rover (1681)
    • The Emperor of the Moon
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17
Q

William Congreve

A
    • Love for Love (1695) [biggest hit]

- - The Way of the World (1700) [considered quintessential Restoration Comedy]

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18
Q

4 Key Changes in Theatre in the Italian Renaissance

A
    • Acting
    • Dramatic criticism
    • Theatre Architecture
    • Scene Design
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19
Q

5 Key elements in the Development of Elizabethan Theatre

A
    • Protestant Reformation
    • Tudor Pageantry
    • Medieval Stagecraft
    • Renaissance Learning and Ideas
    • Defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588)
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20
Q

Tudor Pageantry

A

A hyrbid of dramatic form of literature, ritual, and politics

    • very spectacled
    • composed by bright young men who wanted political office
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21
Q

Senex

A

Elizabethan Stock Character:

old man in authority

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22
Q

Miles Gloriosus

A

Elizabethan Stock Character:

braggart soldier

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23
Q

Shrew

A

Elizabethan Stock Character:

sharp-tongued woman

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24
Q

Machiavel

A

Elizabethan Stock Character:

political schemer

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25
Q

Caluminator believed

A

Elizabethan Stock Character:

a liar who is believed

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26
Q

Idiotes

A

Elizabethan Stock Character:

A malcontent

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27
Q

Pedant

A

Elizabethan Stock Character:

in love with the sound of his own didactic voice

28
Q

Christopher Marlowe

A

1564-1593

    • established blank verse as a dramatic medium
    • MA from Cambridge
    • part of “the Admiral’s Men”
    • was killed in a brawl

Tragedies (need to know 2):

    • Tamburlaine
    • Dido Queen of Carthage
    • Dr. Faustus
    • Edward II
    • Jew of Malta
29
Q

Ben Johnson

A

1572 - 1637

    • Educated at Westminster School
    • no university but the most learned of the playwrights

Comedies of Horror (need to know 2):

    • Every Man in His Humor
    • Volpone
    • The Alchemist
    • Bartholomew Fair
30
Q

Acting Companies in Elizabethan Renaissance

A

1590-1642: 20 companies of actors in london, but only 4 or 5 played at one time

Key members included:

    • Shareholders
    • Apprentices
    • Hired Men
31
Q

Lord Chamberlain’s Men

A

– Formed under Lord Strange, but he died in 1594, ,so took in Henry Carey, the Lord Chamberlain

    • Performed at the Theatre and the Curtain
    • 1599 Moved to the Globe; 1600 leading theatrical company in London
    • 1603 became the King’s Men under royal patent from James I.
    • Successful until Puritains closed the theatres in 1642
32
Q

English Women Actors

A

– No women on ENGLISH stage in Shakespeare’s day so all the parts were played by boys

33
Q

William Shakespeare

A

April 23, 1564 - April 23, 1616

    • Born in Stratford-upon-Avon
    • Married Anne Hathaway in 1582 at age 18
    • 3 children: Susana, Hamnet, and Judith
    • 1595 record of membership in Lord Chamberlain’s Men

– Name 5 of his plays

34
Q

First Folio

A

1623:

  • -The first collection of Shakespeare’s plays.
    • 36 plays, 18 of which had never been published before.
35
Q

The Theatre

A
    • Britain’s first playhouse (1576)

- - built by Leicester’s Men in Finsbury Fields.

36
Q

The Globe

A
    • Build in 1598 for the Lord Chamberalin’s Men
    • AKA The “Wooden O”
    • Burned Down in 1613 during a production of Henry VIII
    • Rebuilt 1614
    • had “groundlings” sit on the floor
37
Q

Key Elements of Jacobean Tragedy

A
    • A sense of defeat
    • A Mood of spiritual despair
    • Theme of insanity, of man pressed beyond the limit of endurance
    • Moral confusion that threatens to unbalance the heroes

– Came to a climax in 1605, in part a consequence of anxiety surrounding death of Queen Elizabeth I and accession of James I

– Elizabethans affirmed life, the Jacobeans were posessed by death

38
Q

2 Childrens Acting companies

A
  • -Children of the Chapel Royal

- - St. Paul’s boys

39
Q

Lope de Vega

A 
Spanish Dramatist (1562 - 1635)
-- distinctive episodic structure

Need to know at least 1:

    • The Dog in the Manger,
    • The Knight from Olmedo
    • The Foolish woman
    • The Flowers of Don Juan
    • Punishment without Revenge
40
Q

Pedro Caledron de la Barca

A 
Spanish Dramatist  (1600 - 1681)
-- Many plays translated and influenced neoclassical France, Restoration England, and German Romantics

– wrote Life is a Dream (among many others)

41
Q

Zarzuela

A

Court entertainment influenced by Italian Opera and intermezzi
– stylized musical drama with a story based on mythology and ornate scenic effects

42
Q

5 Key elements of Stage and Costumes in the Comedias

A
    • Proscenium arch introduced only at court
    • Zarzuela
    • Contemporary (or in some circumstances, lavish) clothing
    • Historical and mythical figures dressed more elaborately
    • Moors portrayed as villains and dressed in a distinctive way
43
Q

Cardinal Richelieu

A

heavy influence over what became the neoclassical ideal

    • French stage needed drastic reform
    • Looked to Italy for guidance
    • Advocated adoption of the proscenium stage and perspective scenery
    • drama should adhere to theoretical principles from Italy during the 16th century
44
Q

The Neoclassical Ideal

A

There are only two legitimate forms of drama: tragedy and comedy

  • -Tragedy deals with affairs of state
  • -Comedy deals with love
  • -NEVER MIX THE TWO
    • 5 acts
    • Unity of time, place, and action
    • poetic justice must triumph
    • Heavily draws on Aristotle and Horace
45
Q

Neoclassicists

A

Believe the purpose of drama is to teach and to please

46
Q

Comedie-Francaise

A

The french National Theatre

    • had a horseshoe-shape construction
    • known today as the House of Moliere
47
Q

Gender in French Theatre

A
    • before 1630, ‘honest women’ did not go to the theatre
    • Unlike England, France had no restrictions for women performing
    • BUT, acting was seen as morally wrong by the Catholic church and other religious groups
    • so, actors had fantastical stage names
48
Q

Pierre Corneille

A

1606-1684

    • w/ Racine, the greatest classical tragic drmatist
    • Educated by Jesuits
    • founder of French tragedy
    • wrote The Cid
    • the subject of a tragedy should be remote and improbable, with as many striking and extraordinary situations as were compatible with unity of action
    • Conflict usually ends not in death and destruction, but rather in moral growth and an abiding sense of duty
    • protagonists realize that they must have the moral strength to do what is right, regardless of personal cost
49
Q

The Cid

A

1636, Pierre Corneille

    • most popular play in France at the time
    • did not obey all the neoclassical rules; French Academy praised it but criticized the deviations; controversy legitimized the neoclassical view
    • influenced by Spanish tales of a famous 11th century warrior of the same name
    • Conflict between claims of society and personal choice
    • in the end love must subordinate to a higher sense of purpose
50
Q

Jean Racine

A

1639-1699

    • fused the Greek idea of fate with Jansenist belief in human helplessness to roduce unique tragedies of will vs. passions
    • wrote Phaedra
51
Q

Corneille vs. Racine

A

– Corneille characters are moral giants with indomitable will; Racine’s are human

(Swack: think Sophocles v. Euripides)

52
Q

Moliere

A

aka Jean Baptist Poquelin
(1622 - 1673)
– Direct and acted in his plays, wrote the best stuff for himself
– 12 best satires of all times
– affirmed the potency of comedy as a serious, flexible art form
– credit for modern form of “Comedy of manners” and “comedy of character”
– dope comic dramatist
– leading french comic actor

Need to know 3 of:

(1 or 2 act plays)

    • The Jealous Husband
    • The Flying Doctor
    • Sganarelle
    • The Rehearsal at Versailles
    • The Forced Marriage
(3-5 act plays)
-- The School for Husbands
-- The School for wives
-- Tartuffe
-- Don Juan
-- The Misanthrope
.. many others
53
Q

alexandre

A

a relaxed dialogue that imitated conversational speech

54
Q

Tartuffe

A
    • Written 1664 and immediately banned

- - Repeated appeals to the King and re-writes to get it lifted; approved 1669

55
Q

Moliere’s Death

A

Collapsed onstage Feb. 17, 1673; performing The Imaginary Invalid, and died that evening

– Church officials refused to officiate or formally bury him

56
Q

lazzi

A

physical comedy utilized in commediea del arte that includes comedic tropes like slapstick

57
Q

Il Vecchi

A

Commedia stock character:

    • literally “the old ones”
    • includes Panatolne and Il Dottore
58
Q

Pantalone

A

Commedia stock character:

    • literally “Mr. big pants”
    • a greedy, wealthy, lecherous, miserly character (think Mr. Burns)
    • wears baggy red pants
59
Q

Il Dottore

A

Commedia stock character:
a smug know-it-all professor who is actually a fool
– usually dressed in university garb

60
Q

Capitani

A

Commedia stock character:
– literally “the soliders”
full of bravery, but not great at what they do
– includes Milos Gloriosus

61
Q

Il Capitano

A

Commedia stock character:

    • literally “the captain”
    • leader of the Capitani
    • usually runs away when confronted by real danger
62
Q

Il Zanni

A

Commedia stock character:

    • the servants (think zany)
    • bottom of the food chain
63
Q

Arlechino (sometimes, Harlequin)

A

Commedia stock character:

    • nimble, acrobatic, tricky servant
    • not always bright, but usually wins anyway
64
Q

Truffledino

A

Commedia stock character:

–subset of arlechino; always HUNGRY

65
Q

Columbina

A

Commedia stock character:

    • the sassy maid (think Maria from 12th night?)
    • brainy too
    • knows how to use her sexuality
66
Q

Brighella

A

Commedia stock character:

    • the inkeeper, bartender
    • usually the knuckles of the operation (maybe like Thenardier)
67
Q

Gli Inamorada

A

Commedia stock characterr:

    • The lovers
    • usually do NOT wear masks

Theater History (3 decks)

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