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Radiographic Anatomy II > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How do you measure the Glenohumeral joint space?

A

1) Measure and average joint space at superior, middle and inferior aspects
2) use the anterior glenoid margin

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2
Q

What is the normal range of glenohumeral joint space?

A

4-5 mm

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3
Q

What does a measurement of <4mm signify in glenohumeral joint space?

A

arthritis

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4
Q

What does a measurement of >5mm present in a glenohumeral joint space?

A

dislocation

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5
Q

How do you measure the acromiohumeral space?

A

Distance from inferior surface of acromion process to superior articular surface of humeral head

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6
Q

What is the normal range of the acromiohumeral space?

A

7-11 mm

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7
Q

What measurement typically shows a rotator cuff tear in the acromiohumeral space?

A

<7mm

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8
Q

What does a measurement of >11mm signify in an acromiohumeral joint space?

A

subluxation, joint effusion, neuropathy

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9
Q

What view is required for a glenohumeral joint space?

A

AP shoulder, externally rotated

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10
Q

What view is required for the acromiohumeral joint space?

A

AP shoulder, externally rotated

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11
Q

What view is required for the acromioclavicular space?

A

AP/PA shoulder/AC joint

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12
Q

How do you measure acromioclavicular space?

A

Measure acromioclavicular joint space

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13
Q

What is the average measurement result in the acromioclavicular space?

A

Average is 3 mm, should not vary more than 2-3 mm bilaterally

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14
Q

What does a decreased measurement of acromioclavicular space result in?

A

arthritis

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15
Q

What does an increased measurement of acromioclavicular space represent?

A

traumatic separation, resorption and subluxation

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16
Q

What view is required for the coracoclavicular distance?

A

AP shoulder

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17
Q

How do you measure coracoclavicular distance?

A

Measure distance from coracoid process to the under surface of the clavicle

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18
Q

What is the measurement range of the coracoclavicular distance?

A

normal is not greater than 12 mm or not more than 5 mm difference from side to side

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19
Q

What does an increased coracoclavicular distance present?

A

AC separation

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20
Q

What view is needed for a radiocapitellar line?

A

Lateral elbow

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21
Q

How do you measure the radiocapitellar line?

A

Line drawn through the center of and parallel to the radius shaft

22
Q

What is a normal finding of the radiocapitellar line?

A

Should pass through center of capitellum

23
Q

With an abnormal radiocapitellar line what does it represent?

A

Indication of subluxation (pulled elbow) or dislocation

24
Q

What view is required for the anterior humeral line?

A

Lateral elbow

25
Q

How do you measure the anterior humeral line?

A

Line drawn along anterior aspect of humerus on a lateral elbow radiograph shold pass through the middle of the capitellum

26
Q

What will happen to the anterior humeral line in a supracondylar fracture?

A

With elbow fractures in children, the line will pass anterior to the capitellum

27
Q

How is the carrying angle measured?

A

Two lines are drawn, one through the midshaft of the humerus, and the other through the midshaft of the ulna

28
Q

What is the normal range of the carrying angle?

A

normal range is 154-178

Average is 169

29
Q

What view is required for a PA radioulnar angle?

A

PA wrist

30
Q

How do you measure the PA radioulnar angle?

A

1) radioulnar line: tangential from tip of radial styloid to base of ulnar
2) Line parallel and through midshaft of radius

31
Q

What are the measurements of PA radioulnar angle?

A

Measure ulnar side proximal angle

  • normal = 72-95 degrees
  • abnormal may indicate fracture
32
Q

What view is required for the lateral radius angle?

A

Lateral wrist

33
Q

How do you measure the lateral radius angle?

A

1) Line tangential to most distal points (anterior and posterior) on radial articular surface
2) line through and parallel to shaft of radius
3) measure proximal palm side angle

34
Q

What is the normal measurement of lateral radius angle?

A

Palmar, proximal angle measure:

  • normal: 79-94 degrees
  • abnormal may indicate fracture
35
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for the wrist?

A

Posterioranterior view (PA)
Medial palmar oblique view
Lateral view

36
Q

Minimal diagnostic series of the elbow?

A

Anteroposterior (AP) view

Lateral view

37
Q

Minimal diagnostic series of the shoulder

A

Anteroposterior with internal rotation

Anteroposterior with external rotation

38
Q

What are the three carpal arcs?

A

Proximal Carpal line
Mid-Carpal line
Distal Carpal Line

39
Q

The proximal carpal line is drawn around which bones?

A

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum

40
Q

Where is the Proximal Carpal line drawn?

A

Alone the proximal surface of the scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum

41
Q

What bones are surrounded by the mid-carpal line?

A

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum

42
Q

Where is the mid-carpal line drawn?

A

Line drawn at the mid carpal joint articulation or distal surface of the scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum

43
Q

What bones do the distal carpal line surround?

A

Capitate

Hammate

44
Q

How is the distal carpal line drawn?

A

Line drawn on the proximal surface of the capitate and hammate

45
Q

What is view required for the ulnar variance?

A

PA wrist

46
Q

What is the normal range for the ulnar variance?

A

distal radius projects 0-3mm beyond the ulna

47
Q

What does an ulnar variance of >3mm signify?

A

negative ulnar variance

48
Q

What is a positive ulnar variance?

A

Ulnar is more distal

49
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series of the hand?

A

PA Hand
Medial palmar oblique
Lateral

50
Q

What is the normal finding of the anterior humeral line

A

Line tangential to anterior humeral cortex should intersect at anterior 1/3 of capitellum

Radiographic Anatomy II (2 decks)

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