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PNS Quizzes > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles do the oculomotor nerve supply?

A

all extraocular muscles except superior oblique and lateral rectus

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2
Q

What kinds of fibers does the oculomotor nerve carry?

A

somatic and parasympathetic

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3
Q

What is the nuclei of origin for the somatic part of the oculomotor nerve?

A

somatic nuclei of origin

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4
Q

Where is the somatic nuclei of origin located?

A

periaqueductal gray, anterior to the cerebral aqueduct, and the level of the superior colliculus

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5
Q

What part of the cerebral cortex sends axons to the oculomotor nuclei?

A

upper motor neurons in brodmann area 8

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6
Q

The oculomotor nuclei receives fibers from which two places?

A

superior colliculus and medial longitudinal fasciculus

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7
Q

Describe the path of the oculomotor nerve

A
  1. periaqueductal grey matter
  2. travels anteriorly through the Red nucleus
  3. exits the CNS in the interpeduncular fossa (covered by epinerium now)
  4. penetrates the dura
  5. travels along the cavernous sinus
  6. exits the skull through the superior orbital fissure
  7. into the eye socket where it splits into superior and inferior rami
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8
Q

What muscles are supplied by the superior ramus of the oculomotor nerve?

A

superior rectus and levator palpebrae superior

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9
Q

What muscles are supplied by the inferior ramus of the oculomotor nerve?

A

medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique

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10
Q

What kind of neurons does the accessory oculomotor nucleus contain?

A

preganglionic parasympathetic

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11
Q

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic oculomotor neurons go?

A

follow the oculomotor nerve and synapse in the ciliary ganglion

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12
Q

Where is the ciliary ganglion located?

A

posterior to the eyeball about 1 cm anterior to the superior orbital fissure

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13
Q

What does the ciliary ganglion contain?

A

postganglionic parasympathetic axons

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14
Q

What do the postganglionic parasympathetic axons follow?

A

the course of the ciliary arteries, pierce the sclera and travel along the internal surface of the sclera

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15
Q

What do the postganglionic parasympathetic axons supply?

A

ciliaris and pupillary constrictor

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16
Q

What else do the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the ciliary ganglion carry?

A

sympathetic and somatic sensory fibers

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17
Q

Describe the trigeminal nerve.

A

largest cranial nerves, carries many more sensory fibers than motor fibers (great sensory nerve of the face)

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18
Q

What are the 3 nuclei of termination associated with the trigeminal nerve?

A

main sensory
spinal
trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus

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19
Q

What is the nucleus or origin for the trigeminal nerve?

A

trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons

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20
Q

What is the name of the peripheral ganglion that is associated with the trigeminal nerve?

A

trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion

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21
Q

What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A

opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular

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22
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the main and spinal nucleus located?

A

trigeminal ganglion

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23
Q

Where do the peripheral processes come from for the main and spinal nuclei?

A

face to trigeminal ganglion

24
Q

Describe the pathway for the main and spinal pathways.

A

Central processes from trigeminal ganglion enter CNS and go to the main trigeminal nuclus or to the spinal nucleus

25
Q

What kind of information does each of the nuclei carry?

A

trigeminal (touch, vibration, joint proprioception)

spinal (pain and temperature)

26
Q

What is the analogous cord pathway of the trigeminal and spinal pathway?

A

lateral spinothalamic

27
Q

Describe the pathway to the mesencephalic nucleus

A

dendrites from the periphery pass through the trigeminal ganglion, enter the CNS and ascend to the mesencephalic nucleus

28
Q

What kind of neurons for the mesencephalic nucleus?

A

primary sensory neurons that have cell bodies located in the CNS

29
Q

Describe the pathway for the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve.

A

axons from the motor nucleus leave the CNS and travel through the trigeminal ganglion to be carried in the mandibular branch to supply

30
Q

Which branch of the trigeminal nerve is the only one to carry motor fibers?

A

mandibular branch

31
Q

Where does the motor nucleus receive information from?

A

cerebral cortex, reticular formation, tectum, medial longitudinal fasciculus, mesencephalic nucleus

32
Q

What is the apparent origin of the trigeminal nerve?

A

lateral aspect of the pons

33
Q

What is the course of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  1. nerve travels anteriorward over the petrous part of the temporal bone
  2. enters a pouch of dura (Meckel’s cave) where the trigeminal ganglion is found
34
Q

Where does the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve enter the skull?

A

superior orbital fissure

35
Q

What kind of information does the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve take?

A

sensory only

36
Q

What does the opthalmic division carry specifically?

A

sensation from skin over nose, forehead and scalp
mucous membranes in frontal and sphenoid sinuses
membrane covering nasal septum

37
Q

What do the four branches of the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve divide into?

A

meningeal, lacrimal, frontal, nasociliary

38
Q

What does the meningeal nerve supply?

A

dura mater lining middle cranial fossa

39
Q

When is the meningeal nerve given off?

A

before the opthalmic division leaves the superior orbital fissure

40
Q

What does the lacrimal nerve supply?

A

lacrimal gland and skin of the upper eyelid

41
Q

Where does the lacrimal nerve travel?

A

superior aspect of the lateral rectus muscle

42
Q

What does the lacrimal nerve also carry?

A

parasympathetic (secretory) fibers to the lacrimal gland

43
Q

Where do the parasympathetic fibers of the lacrimal gland originate?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

44
Q

How does the lacrimal nerve reach the pterygopalatine ganglion?

A

zygomatic nerve and zygomaticotemporal nerve

45
Q

What does the frontal nerve divide into?

A

supratrochlear, supraorbital

46
Q

What does the supratrochlear nerve convey?

A

sensation from the medial corner of the eye

47
Q

What does the supraorbital nerve convey?

A

sensation from conjunctiva, upper eyelid and forehead

mucous membrane lining the frontal sinus

48
Q

What are the branches of the nasociliary nerve?

A

communicating branches, long ciliary, posterior ethmoid, intratrochlear

49
Q

Where does the communicating branch go?

A

to the ciliary ganglion

50
Q

What does the long ciliary nerve supply?

A

eyeball

51
Q

What does the posterior ethmoid nerve convey?

A

sensory information from the sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses

52
Q

What nerves does the anterior ethmoid nerve give off?

A

external and internal nasal nerve

53
Q

What does the external nasal nerve supply?

A

skin over the nose

54
Q

What does the internal nasal nerve supply?

A

mucous membrane covering the anterior part of the nasal septum

55
Q

What does the infratrochlear nerve supply?

A

medial corner of the eye, including the lacrimal sac

PNS Quizzes (2 decks)

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