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Motor Speech > quiz 2 > Flashcards

quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

where do the cranial nerves originate?

A

in the brainstem

I-IV= midbrain
V-VIII= pons
IX-XII= medulla
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2
Q

where do CNs receive impulses from?

A

the corticobulbar tract

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3
Q

describe CNS

A
  • LMNs
  • some are motor only, sensory only, or sensory and motor
  • innervate mms of the jaw, face, pharynx, larynx, soft palate, tongue, and neck
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4
Q

On old olympus’ towering tops a fair armed goddess viewed some hops

A 
I-Olfactory
II-Optic
III-Oculomotor
IV-Trochlear
V-Trigeminal
VI-Abducens
VII-Facial
VIII-Auditory
IX-Glossopharyngeal
X-Vagus
XI-Spinal Accessory
XII-Hypoglossal
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5
Q

Some say marry money, but my brother says big brains matter most

A 
S= sensory
M= motor
B= both
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6
Q

CNs of speech production

A 
Trigeminal (V) B
Facial (VII) B
Glossopharyngeal (IX) B
Vagus (X) B
Spinal Accessory (XI) M
Hypoglossal (XII) M
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7
Q

CN I (olfactory)

A
  • only tested when frontal lobe tumor is suspected
  • maybe damaged in pts with closed head injuries, nasal obstruction, viral infections and can be abnormal in PD, Alzhiemers, and MS
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8
Q

How to test CN I

A

test by asking if pt can smell, vanilla or cinnamon in each nostril

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9
Q

CN II (Optic)

A
  • visual acuity (test with hand card)
  • color vision (loss of color esp RED is important symptom of optic neuritis)
  • visual fields (can be tested by counting fingers in each quadrant)
  • visual extinction (to detect neglect)
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10
Q

CNs III, IV, VI (oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens)

A

-control eye movement and pupil diameter

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11
Q

CN V (trigeminal)

A

-facial sensation and mms of mastication

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12
Q

how to test CN V

A
  • palpate the masseter mms as the pt bites down hard
  • open mouth an resist the examiners attempt to close mouth
  • jaw jerk or reflex
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13
Q

CN VII (facial)

A
  • has 2 major branches for upper and lower face
  • lower face receives unilateral innervation from the contralateral side of the brain
  • upper face received bilateral innervation from right and left corticobulbar tracts
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14
Q

how to test VII

A

-look for asymmetry of facial shape, smile, puff out cheeks, clench their eyes tight, wrinkle brow, check taste

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15
Q

UMN lesions cause..

A

contralateral facial weakness sparing the forehead

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16
Q

LMN lesions cause..

A

weakness involving the whole ipsilateral face

17
Q

CN VIII (auditory)

A
  • sensory
  • originates in inner ear
  • vestibular branch carries impulses for balance
  • cochlear branch carrier impulses for hearing
18
Q

CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

A
  • innervates stylopharyngeus mms which assists in elevation of the pharynx and larynx
  • plays a role in resonance and phonation by shaping the pharynx
  • contributes to gag reflex
  • does not innervate an isolated function so is tested with CN X
19
Q

CN X (vagus)

A

means WANDERER

-long nerve with many branches serving various parts of the body: larynx, intestines, heart, and velum

20
Q

3 branches of CN X important to speech

A
  • pharyngeal nerve branch
  • external superior laryngeal nerve branch
  • recurrent nerve branch
21
Q

how to test CN x/IX

A
  • does the palate elevate symmetrically when the pt says AH
  • does the pt gag when the posterior pharynx is brushed?
  • palate elevation and the gag reflex are impaired in lesions involving IX or X, the neuromuscular junction or the pharyngeal mms
22
Q

CN XI (spinal accessory)

A
  • major function is to help turn, tilt, and thrust the head forward
  • supplies innervation for the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
  • related to POSTURE for speech and feeding
23
Q

testing CN XI

A
  • put your hands on the sides of your patients head
  • tell the patient to move his head from side to side
  • apply only light pressure when the head is moved
24
Q

CN XII (hypoglossal)

A
  • provides motor innervation for all intrinsic mms of the tongue and MOST extrinsic
  • supplies mms of tongue and surrounding the hyoid bone and contribute to swallowing and speech
25
Q

testing CN XII

A
  • stick out tongue and move from side to side
  • strength can be tested by having the pt push the tongue against a tongue blade
  • p^t^k^
26
Q

CN XII things to note when testing

A
  • atrophy or fasiculations of the tongue while at rest (indicative of LMN lesions)
  • when pt sticks tongue out straight, does it curve?
  • unilateral tongue weakness causes the tongue to deviate toward the WEAK side
27
Q

CN V, VII, IX, and XIII testing

A
  • is the pts speech hoarse, slurred, quiet, breathy, nasal, low or high pitched?
  • abnormal articulation of speech can occur in lesions involving the mms of arctic, the neuromuscular junction, or the peripheral or central portions of CN V, VII, IX, and XIII

Motor Speech (4 decks)

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