Quiz 2 Flashcards
A(n)_______ is a subatomic particle with a negative charge.
Electron
_____ processes require the cell to expend energy to move ions or molecules across the cell membrane, usually in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Active
________ are atoms or molecules with an electric charge.
Anions, cations, ions
_______is stored energy.
Potential energy
______are chemical bonds created by the electrical attraction between anions and cations.
Ionic bonds
______are the essential elements and molecules obtained from the diet.
Nutrients
______are compounds that stabilize pH by either removing or replacing hydrogen ions.
Buffers
Sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium are examples of:
Cations
What reaction breaks molecules into smaller fragments (for example, AB>A+B)
Decomposition reaction
Inorganic compounds do not contain hydrogen and______atoms.
Carbon
________is a form of decomposition reaction.
Catabolism, Digestion, Hydrolysis
______is the next movement of molecules from an area of relatively high concentration to an are of relatively low concentrations.
Diffusion
What is the diffusion of water across a cell membrane called?
Osmosis
Which solution does not cause the net movement of water into or out of a red blood cell?
Isotonic
Which solution causes the movement of water into a red blood cell, causing it to swell and possible lyse, or burst?
Hypotonic
Which solution causes a red blood cell to lose water, causing the cell to shrink and dehydrate?
Hypertonic
Glucose is passively transported across the cell membrane by binding to a receptor site on a carrier protein in a process called:
Facilitated diffusion
Lactate ringers and normal saline are examples of what tulle of iv fluid?
Crystalloid
The organelles that manufacture proteins, using information provided by DNA of the nucleus, are called what?
Ribosomes
What is an essential function of epithelial cells?
Control permeability, produce specialized secretions, provide physical protection.
_____is an example of a connective tissue.
Blood, bone, fat
______are responsible for engulfing damaged cells or pathogens that enter the tissue.
Macrophages
______are proteins that destroy invading microoganisms.
Antibodies
The watery matrix in blood is called:
Plasma
What type of muscle is also known as striated voluntary muscle base it is controlled by the nervous system and has a striated appearance?
Skeletal
