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KRS 463 > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

define mass

A

quantity of matter

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2
Q

units for mass

A
  • FPS: slugs
  • CGS: gram
  • MKS: kilo
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3
Q

values for gravity

A
  • FPS - 32 ft/sec^2
  • CGS - 980 cms/sec^2
  • MKS - 9.8 meters/sec^2
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4
Q

weight

A

mass x g
- g = acceleration due to gravity
- fixed value depending on altitude

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5
Q

inertia

A

tendency to remain in the current state

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6
Q

force formula

A

F = m x a

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7
Q

work formula

A

force x distance
- CGS: dyne x cm = erg
- MKS: newton x meters = joule

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8
Q

power formula - 2 ways to express power

A
  • work/time = fxd/time
  • force x velocity
  • units: ergs/sec, joules/sec (Watt)
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9
Q

kinetic energy formula

A

1/2mv^2
- force of impact of a moving object

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10
Q

potential energy formula

A

PE = mgh

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11
Q

strain potential energy formula

A

1/2 x stress x strain x volume
- 1/2

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12
Q

how is kinetic energy dissipated in sports

A
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13
Q

volume formula

A
  • the amount of space a substance occupies
  • L x W x H
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14
Q

density formula

A

p (greek) = mass/volume

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15
Q

specific gravity formula

A

density of object/density of fluid

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16
Q

how do people and objects sink

A

object density > fluid density

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17
Q

how do people and objects float

A

object density < fluid density

18
Q

impulse formula

A

force x time

19
Q

pressure formula

A

P = F/A
- force distributed over a given area

20
Q

vector composition

A
  • combining multiple vectors to find a single resultant vector
21
Q

vector resolution

A
  • breaking down single vector into its component parts or smaller vectors along different axes
  • the relative sizes of the resultant & vertical components change throughout the flight of the projectile because of the acceleration caused by gravitational force
  • the horizontal component is kept constant to isolate the effect of gravity
22
Q

linear motion

A

motion along an axis in which all points of the system move at the same time, in the same direction

23
Q

parabolic motion

A
  • shape depends on relative sizes of the vertical & horizontal components
  • when gravity is the only force, center of gravity of any object will follow a parabolic path
  • symmetrical
24
Q

factors determining the trajectory of a projectile

A
  • projection angle
  • projection velocity
  • relative projection height
25
Q

changes in the horizontal and vertical components of the velocity of the projectile during flight

A
26
Q

torque

A

tendency of an eccentric force to rotate an object around an axis
- degree of linear or angular motion depends on how far away from the center the eccentric force is applied
- measure of effectiveness of the force

27
Q

3 components of a simple machine

A
  • mover: source of energy
  • resister: load or weight of the body segment
  • machine: which changes energy to more useful form
28
Q

describe a linear path

A

may be straight (rectilinear) or curved (curvilinear)

29
Q

what is a projectile

A
  • any object or body that leaves contact with the ground to travel through the air
  • not all objects that fly through the air will qualify
  • must only be subjected to the force of gravity & air resistance
30
Q

what kind of inertia can a body have

A

static or dynamic

31
Q

what are the units for work done by a force of 1 kp over a distance of 1 m

A

kilopond-meter (kpm)

32
Q

eccentric force

A
  • force whose line of action acts outside the center of rotation of an object
  • force that produces rotation around an axis (kicking a soccer ball)
33
Q

torque formula

A

T = force x moment arm
- units: lb.ft, newton meters

34
Q

lever

A

any rigid bar which rotates about a center of rotation when a force is applied

35
Q

2 types of torque in a lever system

A
  • motive torque
  • resistive torque
36
Q

motive torque

A

an eccentrically applied force that attempts to rotate the lever in one direction about the fulcrum

37
Q

resistive torque

A

an eccentrically applied force that attempts to rotate the lever in the opposite direction

38
Q

parts needed to form a lever system

A
  • rigid levers: bones
  • fulcrum: joints
  • motive torque: muscles
  • resistive torque: weight of segment
39
Q

3 points on lever

A
  • point of application of the force
  • point of application of the resistance
  • point of application of the axis of rotation
40
Q

class I lever

A

FAR, RAF
- seesaw
- pry bar
- elbow extension with dumbbell behind body
- plantar flexion in a non-weight bearing position

41
Q

class 2 lever

A

ARF, FRA
- wheelbarrow
- plantar flexion in a weight-bearing position

42
Q

class 3 lever

A

AFR, RFA
- paddling a canoe
- using shovel to carry rock
- bicep curl

KRS 463 (1 decks)

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