Quiz 2

Question 1

What are the six reasons for clinical measurement?

Answer 1

Assessment
Communication with Clients
Stating treatment goals
Assessing progress toward treatment goals
Managing maintenance of treatment goals
Keeping track of daily stuttering severity changes

Question 2

What is the SSI-4?

Answer 2

Stuttering Severity Instrument-Fourth Edition
It is used for both clinical and search purposes.
It measures stuttering severity in both children and adults in four areas of speech behavior: Frequency, duration, physical concomitants, naturalness of the individual’s speech.
The scores from frequency, duration, and secondary behaviors are summed for a total score.

Question 3

Percentage of Stuttering Severity Limitations

Answer 3

Counting isn’t a valid reflection of how severe stuttering can be. All of this is perceptual. Reliability is relative

Question 4

Severity Rating Scales

Answer 4

These are perceptual measures.
Some varieties of scales include
0 = normal disfluency, 1 = very mild stuttering, and 7 = very severe,
0 = normal speech, 1 = very mild stuttering, and 7 = very severe stuttering
0 = no stuttering, 1 = extremely mild stuttering, and 10 = extremely severe stuttering
commonly used during treatment of early childhood stuttering

This is a behavioral measure, non-behavioral experiences such as anxiety should not affect the scores.

Question 5

Advantages of the Severity rating Scales

Answer 5

Simple
No equipment
No extensive training
Flexible
Valid
Take into account all behavioral features of stuttering than just stuttering moments
Covert
Clinicians can assess stuttering w/o patients knowing

Question 6

questions used to guide the assigning of a SR

Answer 6

Were there any unambiguous stuttering moments?
Would a casual observer notice the stuttering?
How much does it affect communication?
Was it mild, moderate, or severe?

Question 7

Test of Childhood Stuttering (TOCS)

Answer 7

Children ages 4-12
3 subparts
Speech fluency in linguistic contexts
Observation by clinician, teacher, or caregiver
Supplemental clinical assessment for more detailed analysis

Question 8

Assessing feelings and attitudes of Preschool children

Answer 8

KiddyCAT
Behavioral Style Questionnaire
Impact of Stuttering on Preschoolers and Parents
PASS
Using puppets to assess preschool stuttering without making them feel self-conscious

Question 9

Assessing feelings and attitudes of school aged children

Answer 9

A-19 Scale
Communication Attitude Test (CAT)
Measures the attitudes of children and adults who stutter
Specifically negative attitudes
Found that children who stutter more frequently have more negative attitudes towards communication - increases with age
Teachers Assessment of Student Communicative Competence
50 item questionnaire to assess communication in classroom
Currently being tested for differentiation between CWS and CWNS

Question 10

Assessing feelings and attitudes of adolescents and adults

Answer 10

• Modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes (S-24)
• Stutterer’s Self-Rating of Reactions to Speaking Situations (SSRSS)
• Perception of Stuttering Inventory
• Overall Assessment of Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering (OASES)

Question 11

Objective of the Preschool Assessment:

Answer 11

Plan and carry out an evaluation of a preschool child.
Understand how to evaluate the stuttering behaviors of a preschool child.
Understand how to evaluate attitudes and feelings of a preschool child and of the child’s family.
Understand how to determine appropriate follow up to the evaluation of a preschool child.

Question 12

Clinical Questions for PreK Assessment:

Answer 12

Stuttering or normal disfluency?
If stuttering, what are the disfluencies like in various situations, and how does it change over time?
What are the child’s responses and emotions?
What are the family concerns and expectations?
Treatment options-none, waiting, indirect, direct?
Language, articulation, and voice age appropriate?
Any issues for which referral is needed?

Question 13

Initial Contact for PreK Assessment:

Answer 13

Usually on the telephone
Listen carefully and respond to levels of concern.
Make an appointment as appropriate.
Provide suggestions to give parents useful ways to start helping the child.

Question 14

Case History for PreK Assessment

Answer 14

Form sent to the family several weeks before eval.
Informs clinician about family’s perception of current stuttering as well as history and development.

Question 15

Video Recording for PreK Assessment

Answer 15

Helpful to get video of child speaking spontaneously at home.
Five to ten minutes of parents playing with child is usually adequate, unless stuttering is highly variable, in which case more than one sample may be needed.
Provides important sampling of stuttering that may be worse at home than at clinic.

Question 16

Steps of PreK Assessment

Answer 16

Parent-Child Interaction
Parent Interviews 1 and 2
Clinician-Child Interactions 1 and 2
Speech Sample Analyses
Feelings and Attitudes
Determining a Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Planning Treatment

Question 17

Risk Factors for Persistent Stuttering

Answer 17

Stuttering does not decrease during 12 months after onset
Stutterer is male
Relatives who have not recovered from stuttering
Below-average nonverbal intelligence scores
Sensitive temperament

Question 18

Typical disfluency:

Answer 18

greater than 10 disfluencies per 100 words; multisyllable word and phrase repetitions; greater than 3 iterations in reps that are slow and regular temple; child unaware

Question 19

Borderline

Answer 19

more than 10 disfluencies per 100 words; part-word and whole-word repetitions; more than two iterations in many repetitions; little or no tension; minimal awareness of stuttering