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COMM 1005 > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Culture

A

The totality of learned, shared symbols, language, values, and norms that distinguish one group of people from another.

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2
Q

Societies

A

Groups of people that share a culture with one another

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3
Q

In-Groups

A

Groups we identify with

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4
Q

Out-Groups

A

Groups that are different than us

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5
Q

Ethnicity

A

People’s perceptions of ancestry or heritage

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6
Q

Nationality

A

One’s status as a citizen of a particular country

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7
Q

Enculturation

A

The process of acquiring a culture

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8
Q

Co-Cultures

A

Groups of people who share values, customs, and norms related to mutual interests or characteristics other than their national citizenship.

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9
Q

Power

A

Having prestige, social status, and control over resources

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10
Q

Achievement

A

Acquiring personal success through your own competence

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11
Q

Hedonism

A

Experiencing fun and pleasure

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12
Q

Stimulation

A

Having novelty, excitement, and challenge in life

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13
Q

Self-direction

A

Being able to engage in independent thought and action

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14
Q

Universalism

A

Appreciating and caring about all people and about nature

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15
Q

Benevolence

A

Enhancing the welfare of people with whom you have contact

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16
Q

Tradition

A

Respecting the customs and ideas of your culture and religion

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17
Q

Conformity

A

Observing social norms and inhibiting actions that are likely to harm others

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18
Q

Security

A

Having safe and stable relationships

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19
Q

Individualistic culture

A

A culture in which people believe that their primary responsibility is to themselves

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20
Q

Collectivistic culture

A

A culture in which people believe that their primary responsibility is to their families, communities, and employers

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21
Q

Low-context culture

A

A culture in which people are expected to be direct and to say what they mean

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22
Q

High-context culture

A

A culture in which people are taught to speak in an indirect, inexplicit way.

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23
Q

Low-power-distance culture

A

The belief that all men and women are equal and that no one person or group should have excessive power

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24
Q

High-power-distance culture

A

Power is not distributed equally (kings/queens)

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25
Q

Masculine culture

A

Characteristics typically defined with men

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26
Q

Feminine culture

A

Characteristics typically defined with women

27
Q

Monochronic culture

A

A culture that sees time as a valuable commodity that should not be wasted

28
Q

Polychronic culture

A

A culture that views time as holistic, fluid, and infinite

29
Q

Uncertainty avoidance

A

The extent to which people try to avoid situations that are unstructured, unclear, or unpredictable

30
Q

Mindfulness

A

Awareness-as in being aware of other cultures’ behaviors and ways of thinking

31
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

The tendency to judge other cultures’ practices as inferior

32
Q

Communication codes

A

Verbal and nonverbal behaviors whose meanings are often understood only by people from the same culture

33
Q

Code-switch

A

To shift between jargon and plain language in order to be understood by others

34
Q

Perception

A

The process of making meaning from environmental experiences

35
Q

Selection

A

The process of paying attention to a certain stimulus

36
Q

Organization

A

The process of categorizing information that has been selected for attention

37
Q

Perceptual schema

A

A mental framework for organizing information

38
Q

Interpretation

A

The process of assigning meaning to information that has been selected for attention and organized.

39
Q

Stereotype

A

A generalization about a group or category of people that is applied to individual members of that group.

40
Q

Primacy effect

A

The tendency to emphasize the first impression over later impressions when forming a perception

41
Q

Recency effect

A

The tendency to emphasize the most recent impression over earlier impressions when forming a perception

42
Q

Perceptual set

A

A person’s predisposition to perceive only what he or she wants or expects to perceive.

43
Q

Attribution

A

An explanation for an observed behavior

44
Q

Self-serving bias

A

The tendency to attribute one’s successes to stable internal causes and one’s failures to unstable external causes

45
Q

Fundamental attribution error

A

The tendency to attribute others’ behavior to internal rather than external causes.

46
Q

Self-concept

A

The set of stable perceptions a person has about who he or she is

47
Q

Open area

A

Characteristics of yourself known to you and to others

48
Q

Johari window

A

A visual representation of components of the self that are known or unknown to the self and to others

49
Q

Hidden area

A

Characteristics of yourself known to you but unknown to others

50
Q

Blind area

A

Characteristics of yourself unknown to you but known to others

51
Q

Hidden area

A

Characteristics of yourself unknown to yourself or to others

52
Q

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A

An expectation that gives rise to behaviors that cause the expectation to come true

53
Q

Self-esteem

A

One’s subjective evaluation of one’s value and worth as a person

54
Q

Image

A

The way one wishes to be seen or perceived by others

55
Q

Image management

A

The process of projecting one’s desired public image

56
Q

Life story

A

A way of presenting oneself to others that is based on one’s self concept but is also influenced by other people

57
Q

Face

A

A person’s desired public image

58
Q

Facework

A

The behaviors that people establish and maintain their desired public image with others

59
Q

Face needs

A

Important components of one’s desired public image

60
Q

Fellowship face

A

The need to be liked and accepted by others

61
Q

Autonomy face

A

The need to avoid being imposed by others

62
Q

Competence face

A

The need to be respected and viewed as competent and intelligent

63
Q

Face-threatening act

A

Any behavior that threatens one or more face needs

64
Q
A

COMM 1005 (2 decks)

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