QUIZ #2

Question 1

independent

Answer 1

Variable that does not rely on another, can affect others

Question 2

dependent

Answer 2

Variable that DOES rely on another, is able to get affected by others

Question 3

categorical

Answer 3

group variable, contains a finite set of possible answer categories

Question 4

dichotomous

Answer 4

a type of categorical variable that has only two attributes

Question 5

controlled

Answer 5

an extraneous variable whose value is held CONSTANT throughout experiment

Question 6

continuous

Answer 6

variable whose response option is just a number

Question 7

nominal

Answer 7

No order implied, the values “name” the category

Question 8

ordinal

Answer 8

An order implied, an order implied in those values, but the distance between values does NOT have any meaning

Question 9

interval measurement

Answer 9

An order implied in those values, the distance between values has SOME meaning, must be the same amount (sometimes)

Question 10

ratio

Answer 10

There is an absolute zero, An order in those values, can say — times as much,

Question 11

Likert scale

Answer 11

involves asking a series of questions that relate to lvl of agreement, such that responses are in a progressive analysis

Question 12

item or indicator

Answer 12

individual question

Question 13

scale

Answer 13

range of options, an example: Likert scale, Strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, so on

Question 14

index

Answer 14

no/yes, score, summated rating scale

Question 15

How to do you improve the validity and reliability?

Answer 15

by constructing an index or scale made up of several items

Question 16

importance #1

Answer 16

how variable is measured determines what we can do w/ it once we have data

Question 17

importance #2

Answer 17

certain statistical analyses that can ONLY be measured when a variable is measured at a certain lvl

Question 18

hypotheses

Answer 18

testable statements of presumed relationships b.t. two or more concepts/variables

Question 19

hypotheses are….

Answer 19

*linked to theories
*clearly state the concepts involved
*can be tested and either verified or refuted

Question 20

inductive

Answer 20

bottom-up, not a lot of research, exploratory

Question 21

deductive

Answer 21

top-down, application of existing theories, evaluative and scientific investigation

Question 22

null hypothesis

Answer 22

no relationship exists b.t. IV & DV

Question 23

one-tailed alt. hypothesis

Answer 23

provides the DIRECTION of relationship [either positive or negative]

Question 24

two-tailed alt. hypothesis

Answer 24

indicates there IS a relationship, but does NOT indicate the direction/type of realtionship

Question 25

positive relationship

Answer 25

starts in (0,0) and y-axis goes up [same direction]

Question 26

negative relationship

Answer 26

starts in starts in (0,y) and the y-axis goes down [opposite direction]

Question 27

no relationship

Answer 27

no relationship b.t. the IV and the DV

Question 28

curvilinear

Answer 28

as scores on the x-axis increase, scores of the y-axis decrease…up to a certain point & then they start to increase…vice-versa