Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What characteristics of fish allow them to perform rapid acceleration?

A

A deep body shape with a large caudal fin

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2
Q

Which organisms are most likely to feed on sinking particulate organic matter (POM)

A

Deep sea zooplankton

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3
Q

What causes large-scale migration patterns in species like blue whales

A

Tracking shifting food resources such as krill

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4
Q

Which of the following is a primary feeding strategy for basking sharks

A

Suspension feeding by swimming with an open mouth

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5
Q

Which of the following factors does not contribute to plankton patchiness

A

Ocean acidity levels

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6
Q

Which group of marine organisms can actively swim against ocean currents

A

Nekton

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7
Q

What advantage does the chambered nautilus have for regulating buoyancy?

A

Gas-filled chambers within its shell

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8
Q

Which environmental condition most likely triggers a second smaller phytoplankton bloom in autumn?

A

Resurfacing of nutrients due to fall storms

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9
Q

Which of the following is an example of nekton

A

Tuna

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10
Q

What is the key adaptation that allows copepods to detect mates?

A

Chemoreceptors on their first antennae

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11
Q

What distinguishes nekton from other marine organisms like plankton?

A

Nektons can actively swim against currents

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12
Q

Which organism is most likely to cause a phytoplankton bloom in high-latitude waters?

A

Diatoms

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13
Q

Which sensory adaptations allow some marine animals, like sharks, to detect electrical signals from prey?

A

Electroreceptors

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14
Q

How do lipids help copepods survive in deep waters?

A

They serve as a food reserve

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15
Q

How do oceanic fish like tuna manage long-distance migrations?

A

By using ocean currents and favorable feeding zones

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16
Q

Why are coccolithophores significant in the context of climate change?

A

They help regulate carbon dioxide levels in the ocean

17
Q

What causes marine snow to form in the water column

A

Decaying organic matter and exopolymers

18
Q

How does grazing by zooplankton influence the phytoplankton population?

A

It reduces phytoplankton abundance after a bloom

19
Q

How does iron limitation affect phytoplankton growth in certain ocean regions?

A

It limits the ability to fix nitrogen grow

20
Q

What role do copepods play in the spring phytoplankton bloom?

A

They gaze on phytoplankton and regulate growth

21
Q

Which environmental factor is most important in determining the depth of phytoplankton blooms?

A

Light Intensity

22
Q

Which characteristics is unique to cartilaginous fish such as sharks

A

They have an oil-filled liver that helps with bouyancy

23
Q

What role do acoustic signals play in studying marine biology?

A

Measuring plankton patch and size distribution

24
Q

What is the function of has-filled sacs in organisms like the Portuguese man-of-war?

A

To regulate buoyancy

25
What is the primary function of the cuttlebone in cuttlefish?
regulate buoyancy
25
Why do nektonic cephalopods like squid need to regulate gas content in their bodies
To maintain neutral buoyancy at different depths
26
Why is nitrogen considered a limiting nutrient in many parts of the ocean
It cycles very slowly between organisms
27
What adaptation helps deep-sea fish maintain buoyancy
swimbladder
28
What is the role of marine snow in the ocean ecosystem?
it transports organic material to deeper waters
29
How do fish optimize oxygen absorption from the water?
Countercurrent Exchange System