QUIZ 2

Question 1

whats the role of growth hormones in childhood?

Answer 1

normal growth

Question 2

describe the final stage of motor learning in Bernstein’s model

Answer 2

max movement using all degrees of movement

Question 3

how has childhood obesity changed from 1976 - 2016

Answer 3

tripled in obesity

Question 4

what is the significance of synchronous swing in walking

Answer 4

more mature walking better @ 18 months

Question 5

how does choice reaction time differ from simple reaction time in kids?

Answer 5

CRT involves selecting the appropriate motor response when presented w multiple stimuli, which takes longer sure to central processes

Question 6

what changes occur in walking by the time a child is 4 y/o

Answer 6

pelvic rotation, knee flexion @ mid-suppport, synchronous arm swing, & heel-to-toe strike

Question 7

what are the two types of tissue in body mass?

Answer 7

lean (bone & muscle)
(adipose) fat

Question 8

explain the role of parents in preschool socialization.

Answer 8

vital role; childhood socialization, influencing if kids engage in activities

Question 9

How does gonadal hormones affect growth during childhood?

Answer 9

androgens promote muscle mass growth & hasten epiphyseal growth plate closure, while estrogen promotes fat accumulation & also hastens growth plates closure

Question 10

what type of feedback is considered more beneficial when acquiring a new motor skill?

Answer 10

KP knowledge of performance

Question 11

whats the 1st stage of Fitts & Posner model of motor learning

Answer 11

cognitive stage

Question 12

What is the difference between creeping & crawling

Answer 12

1. creeping = all 4s
2. crawling = chest/stomach touches the floor

Question 13

what age is pelvis rotation in walking typically established?

Answer 13

by 13.8 months

Question 13

at what age do most kids begin crawling?

Answer 13

9 months

Question 14

What is HAPPE, & how does it benefit preschool children?

Answer 14

high autonomy physical play environment, kids engage in tasks that match their skills, promoting self-management & decision-making

Question 15

What locomotion pattern usually develops in children at a later time?

Answer 15

jumping

Question 16

what is basal metabolic rate (BMR) & why is it important?

Answer 16

BMR is the amount of energy needed to sustain vital body functions; it plays a role in determining weight gain/loss

Question 16

how does insulin indirectly influence growth?

Answer 16

vital for carbohydrates metabolism & transport of …

Question 17

in Bernstein’s model, what does the freezing degrees of freedom stage involve?

Answer 17

locking joints that are not specifically used in producing a movement

Question 18

describe a key characteristic of early running in preschoolers

Answer 18

wider base of support, flat footing landing & high guard arm position

Question 19

define motor skill capability

Answer 19

person’s potential for skilled motor performance under favorable conditions

Question 20

how does exercise affect body composition in children?

Answer 20

a combo of aerobic & strength training, helps reduce BMI & promote muscle growth over fat

Question 21

what is arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) ?

Answer 21

a non-progressive neuromuscular disorder occurring in the 1st trimester, causing fibrosis of muscle & joint structures

Question 22

what factors contribute to brain growth after birth?

Answer 22

increase size of neurons, synaptic connection, glial cells, &

Question 23

healthy BMI range in children

Answer 23

18.5 to 24.9