Quiz 2 Flashcards
The IP joint spaces on finger projections are open and demonstrated without distortion when the.( choose all that apply )
- central ray is aligned parallel with the IP joint spaces.
- central ray is aligned perpendicular to the IP joint spaces.
- IP joints are aligned parallel with the IR.
- IP joints are aligned perpendicular to the IR.
1 and 4
Which of the following technical factors should be chosen when 20 mAs is desired and the patient being imaged has difficulty remaining still?
400ma at 0.05 sec
The trapezium is demonstrated without superimposition of other anatomy on a lateral wrist projection when the patient
depresses the distal first metacarpal.
A lateral wrist projection obtained with the wrist in slight internal rotation demonstrates the
distal scaphoid anterior to the pisiform and radius anterior to the ulna.
To take advantage of the anode heel effect when imaging a forearm,
the wrist is positioned at the anode end of the x-ray tube.
An IR that is large enough to extend at least 1 inch (2.5 cm) beyond the elbow and wrist joints for a forearm projection is
needed to record the elbow and wrist on the image.
Which of the following projections is used to prevent crossing of the forearm bones?
AP projection
What is demonstrated in the projection for the lateral finger?
Phalanges demonstrate concavity on one side and convexity on the other.
What is demonstrated in the projection for the PA finger?
Phalanges demonstrate equal concavity.
What is demonstrated in the projection for the PA oblique finger?
Phalanges demonstrate more concavity on one side than on the other.
Which side of the arm is positioned against the IR for the lateral second finger projection?
Radial
Which side of the arm is positioned against the IR for the lateral fourth finger projection?
Ulnar
An optimal AP elbow projection is obtained when
the radial head superimposes the lateral aspect of the proximal ulna by 0.25 inch (0.6 cm).
Which of the follow statements is true as demonstrated on a lateral elbow projection?
When the wrist is in a lateral projection, the radial tuberosity is superimposed by the radius.
To properly position an AP humerus, place the elbow at the _____ end of the tube, _____ the hand and wrist, and align the humeral condyles _____ with the IR.
anode; supinate; parallel
To prevent longitudinal scapular foreshortening when obtaining an AP shoulder projection on a patient with excessive thoracic kyphosis, the
central ray should be angled cephalically until it is aligned perpendiular to the scapular body.
A poorly positioned AP shoulder projection demonstrating most of the articulating surface of the glenoid cavity
will also demonstrate the medial clavicular end superimposing the vertebrae.
Accurate alignment of the central ray and glenoid cavity on an inferosuperior axial shoulder projection
will demonstrate the lateral edge of the coracoid process base aligned with the inferior glenoid cavity.
The vertebral and lateral borders of the scapular body are demonstrated without superimposition on a tangential supraspinatus outlet projection. The medial scapular border is demonstrated next to the ribs, and the lateral border is visualized laterally. How should the patient or central ray be repositioned to obtain an optimal image?
Increase the degree of patient rotation.
On a PA oblique sternal projection (RAO position) with accurate positioning, the
- manubrium is demonstrated to the left of the heart shadow.
- posterior ribs are magnified.
- sternum is demonstrated within the heart shadow.
- lung markings are blurred.
2, 3 and 4
The right SC joint and right side of the manubrium are superimposed by the thoracic vertebrae on a PA oblique sternum projection (RAO position). Such a projection is produced when the
patient rotation is less than the required amount.
A less than optimal lateral sternum projection that does not demonstrate the sternum in profile and visualizes the superior heart shadow extending anterior to the sternum
could be improved by rotating the right thorax anteriorly.
For a PA oblique sternal projection (RAO position),
- 40-inch (100-cm) SID is used.
- the patient’s midcoronal plane is angled 15 to 20 degrees with the IR.
- a long exposure time is used.
- costal breathing is used to better visualize sternum
1,2,3 and 4
An AP shoulder projection with accurate positioning demonstrates the
- glenoid fossa in profile.
- glenohumeral joint centered within the collimated field.
- superolateral scapular border without thorax superimposition.
- superior scapular angle superior to the midclavicle.
2 and 3 only
T or F: An AP shoulder projection obtained with the humeral epicondyles positioned parallel with the IR demonstrates the:
greater tubercle in profile laterally.
humeral head in profile medially.
True
T or F: An AP shoulder projection obtained in a patient whose upper midcoronal plane was tilted anteriorly demonstrates the:
lesser tubercle in profile laterally.
scapular body with increased thoracic cavity superimposition.
False
T or F: Under which of the following conditions is it necessary to use a grid for an axial shoulder projection?
The kilovoltage used is above 80.
The inferosuperior measurement is over 4 inches (10 cm).
True
T or F: An AP oblique shoulder projection (Grashey method) with accurate positioning demonstrates:
the glenoid fossa in profile and facing superiorly.
False
T or F: An AP oblique shoulder projection (Grashey method) with accurate positioning demonstrates:
An open glenohumeral joint space.
A longitudinally foreshortened clavicle.
The glenohumeral joint in the center of the collimated field.
True
T or F: The arms of the Y on a PA oblique scapular Y shoulder projection are formed by the:
coracoid and acromion
True
A PA hand projection obtained with the hand flexed (flexion at digits 2-5 MCP joints) demonstrates
- foreshortened phalanges.
- the thumb in a lateral projection.
- closed IP joint spaces.
- foreshortened metacarpals.
1,2,3 and 4
A less than optimal PA finger projection demonstrates unequal soft tissue width and midshaft concavity on each side of the phalanges. The side of the phalanges with the greatest midshaft concavity is facing the shortest finger metacarpal. All of the following are true about this projection except that the
projection will demonstrate more soft tissue width on the lateral surface.
