Quiz 2 Flashcards by Megan Carnahan

What are capsules made of?

gelatin
sugar
water

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What is a good alternative for capsule shell if animal sources cannot be used?

HPMC

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Advantages of Capsules

easy to compound
unit dose
presentation
dosage form

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Limitations of capsules

can’t have highly soluble drugs
can’t have efflorescent compounds
can’t have deliquescent compounds

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Disadvantages of Capsules

cannot cut in half
can dry or swell based on humidity
tampering

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What humidity should capsules be stored at?

30-45%

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What is the largest capsule size to swallow?

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What capsule size can be used rectally or vaginally?

000

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Rule of 7

subtract grains of powder weight from 7 to get capsule size

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Rule of Sixes

0 - 6-7 gr
1 - 5 gr
2 - 4 gr
3 - 3 gr
4 - 2 gr
5 - 1/2-1 gr

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Quality Control tests are used for capsules for?

content uniformity
weight variation (+/- 10%)

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For the punch method, what do you do?

Calculate for at least 1 extra capsule
triturate powders to same size and mix by geometric dilution
weigh empty capsule
create a packed block as high as 1/2 - 2/3rds of body
punch capsule
weigh filled capsule
clean and polish

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Capsule filling machines are filled by ?

volume to the max

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Does a capsule filling machine require extra capsule calculations?

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Capsule packing statistics determine?

% of capsule volume occupied by each ingredient

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How can you find a capsule packing statistic?

pack 3 or more size 1 capsules and average the weights

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parenteral

sterile dosage forms that avoid the GI tract

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Intravenous Route

admin directly into the vein

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Intramuscular Route

injected deep into large muscle mass
less than or equal to 2.5 mL
vaccines

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Subcutaneous Route

injected beneath the surface of the skin
less than or equal to 2 mL

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IVP

intravenous push

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IVPB

Intravenous piggy back

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SVP

small volume parenteral
less than or equal to 100mL

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LVP

large volume parenteral
greater than 100mL

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epidural

injected into epidural space we compound for this

Intra-articular route

into a joint we compound for this

Intrapleural route

into the sac surrounding the lungs we compound for this

Intravitrial route

into the eye 503B compounds this a lot

Intraosseous

directly into the bone marrow

needle length

0.5-2 in

needle gauge

diameter of shaft is inversely related to gauge numeral

ideal needle for compounding

18 gauge x 1.5in

what color is the 18 gauge needle?

pink

Can you use no core needles in patients?

no, compounding only

Needle filters are how many microns?

What color are sharps containers?

red

Why don’t we use our thumb to cap needles?

you’ll stick yourself use the counter

Do we use self capping needles in compounding?

no, the cap gets in the way

syringe sizes (mL)

1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60

Best practice syringe selection

min 20% volume, max 80% volume ex. 10 mL syringe can have fluids 2-8 mL

What is the syringe selection for chemo?

75% max, 25% min ex. if you have a 10 mL syringe it could hold 2.5-7.5 mL

How many access ports do IV admixture bags have?

2 additive and administrative

IV Admixture bags come with how much overfill?

10%

What volumes in mL do IV admixture bags come in?

50, 100, 250, 500, 1000, or empty

Normal Saline contents

0.9% NaCl 154 mEq of NaCl/ L 308 mOsmol/ L

D5W contents

5% dextrose 252 mOsmol/ L

Mini-Bag Plus and Advantage bag have a “hat” that can attach to what?

a vial

Duplex bags have what kind of drug?

antibiotic

Roller clamp adjusts?

speed

y-site

can attach another IV bag

guardrails

protect the rate of infusion from going too low or too high

aseptic technique

procedures done to remove the risk of contaminants in compounding

Where should items be placed in relation to air flow in the laminar air flow hood?

parallel

Ability produce a sterile preparation is directly related to the?

cleanliness of the work area the quality of air in the area process & preparation quality controls

What particle sizes present the greatest risk to health?

0.3-0.9 microns

What is the USP particle size for regulation?

greater than or equal to 0.5 microns

Which ISO classes fall under clean room theory?

5-8

Laminar Airflow Hood

where compounding takes place ISO class 5 planar or in sheets

Buffer Area

where the laminar airflow hood is located ISO class 7

Ante Area

prep area for sterile compounding ISO class 8

Air flows from the buffer area to ?

ante area

DCA

direct compounding area

HEPA

high efficiency particulate air filter removes 99.97% of particles greater than 0.3 microns ISO Class 5 for non Hazardous preparations

CleanRoom air

class 10,000 ISO class 7 gross filtered air

6 Inch Rule

Work within 6 inches of the laminar airflow hood

Should products be placed next to each other or behind each other to prevent contamination?

next to each other

The blower should be operated for how many minutes prior to compounding?

30 mins

What should you clean the airflow hood with?

70% isopropyl alcohol

Vertical Flow Hood

air flow downward and not towards the operator glove box/isolator