Quiz 2 Flashcards
common male factors that lead to infertility (6)
*decreased sperm count
*Increased scrotal heat
*Impaired sperm motility/movement
*smoking
*Meds (steroids, prednisone, antihypertensive, tagamet)
*Chronic disabilities
Common female factors that lead to infertility (7)
*>35 y.o.
*Anovulation (no ovulation) r/t hypothyroidism, poor health, consistent strenuous exercise
*Pelvic inflammatory disease
*STDs
*Obesity/under wt
*POI: Primary ovarian insufficiency
*PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome
GIFT
Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer:
*procedure of removing egg just b4 ovulation, then placing the egg and sperm together into the fallopian tube.
IVF
In Vetero Fertilization:
*removing one or more eggs just before ovulation, then egg placed w/ sperm to fertilize, then fertilized embryo transferred to woman for implantation
TDI
Therapeutic Donor Insemination
*donor sperm is used to fertilize egg (formerly AID)
Chromosomal abnormalities and locations for common genetic disorders: Downs syndrome
*Chromosome 21 abnormality
*Baby possess and extra copy
Chromosomal abnormalities and locations for common genetic disorders: Turners syndrome
*Most common female deviation
*Chromosomal mutation called monosomy X
*An error in mitosis (cell division) early in development
*One of the X chromosomes (sex chroms) is missing or partially missing, causing juvenile genitals or underdeveloped ovaries
Chromosomal abnormalities and locations for common genetic disorders: Klinefelter syndrome
*Most common deviation in males
*caused by additional X chromosomes
*Interferes w/ development of testicles (will produce less testosterone) leading to delayed ot incomplete puberty, gynecomastia, and less facial hair
Fetal HR decelerations
- Variable decels: Not good. w/ or w/ out contractions. Drop in at least 15 bpm, for 15 sec to 2 min.
*Early: assoc. w/ uterine contractions. 1st stage of labor - Late: After peak or “nadir” of contraction. Lasts less than 2 min.
LOA
Left occipital Anterior (most common and best alignment)
*Back of head is on L, Back of head is being used, Back of head is face down
LOP
Left occipital Posterior
*Back of head is on L, Back of head is being used, posterior is towards the bed
ROA
Right Occipital Anterior
ROP
Right Occipital Posterior
Normal pregnancy vital signs
*Baby: HR – 110-160 bpm,
*Mom: RR: 18-20, HR: +10-20 bpm in 1st trimester, BP: - 5-10/10-15 in 2nd trimester
Interpreting a client’s gravidity: G1
Gravida: # of pregnancies
*G1 = 1 pregnancy
Interpreting a client’s parity: P1
Para: # of gestationally viable births
*P1 = 1 living/term baby
TPAL
T: Term births
P: Preterm births
A: Abortions (spontaneous and therapeutic)
L: Living children
Naegele’s Rule
An estimated due date can be calculated by following steps 1 through 3:
➢ First, determine the first day of your last menstrual period (LMP).
➢ Next, count back 3 calendar months from that date.
➢ Lastly, add 1 year and 7 days to that date.
Nutrition in pregnancy: Recommended (6)
- Increased folate and folic acid intake (leafy greens)
- Increased iron intake (fish, leafy greens, beans, dark fruits)
- Increased calcium intake (Dairy, edamame, winter squash)
- Increased vit D intake (supplements)
- Increased protein intake (beans, nuts, non-starchy veggies)
- Increased B12 (meat, fish, cheese, eggs)
Nutrition in pregnancy: What to avoid
undercooked meat and eggs, sushi, smoked salmon, under pasteurized milk, soft cheeses, pate/liver, high mercury fish, alcohol
