Quiz 2 Flashcards
How many dilutions did we do in the soil isolation?
To 10^-5
How many colonies for the 10^-5 soil dilution?
1 colony
How many colonies for the 10^-4 soil dilution?
15 colonies
how to find cfu/g of soil
number of colonies / (volume plated)(dilution factor)
how was carrot inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens
-3 Petri dishes were prepared (control, and two antimicrobial plants)
-the plants were crushed with water after being soaked with bleach and poured into Petri dish
-carrot was placed and soaked on each side before inoculated with a. tumefaciens on basal side
Almond leaf scorch symptoms
-burn in margins of leaf
-symptoms won’t show right away (could take a few years)
how is leaf scorch passed
-passed through insects
-bacteria infects xylem and blocks xylem transport
leaf scorch management
-chemicals
-antibiotics
-remove dead branches and remove diseased trees
what causes leaf scorch
Xyella fastidiosa bacteria
what causes crown gall
Agrobacterium tumefaciens bacteria
crown gall symptoms
-gall overgrowths on roots or crown of woody plants
-stunted growth when seedlings or young cuttings are infected
-lack of vigor and reduction in foliage
how does crown gall spread
-enters plant tissue through injuries or cuts
-Ti dna of ti plasmid is integrated into chromosome of plant
-abnormal cell division caused by formation of auxin, cytokinin, and opines
crown gall disease cycle
-overwinters in detached galls in soil
-enter through wound in stem
-bacteria enters and multiples, divides, and enlarges in cell
-leads to gall formation on stem or root
-primary inoculum: galls in soil
-no vectors, only needs cuts
crown gall management
best method is biological control
-galltrol antibiotic
-can also screen plant for galls, crop rotation, use copper based chemicals
