Quiz 2

Question 1

To understand how computers process information, we must study computers as collections of ____ that perform tasks such as information processing, information storage, computation, and data transfer

Answer 1

Functional Units

Question 2

The acronym _____ is frequently used to refer to the memory unit of a computer.

Answer 2

RAM

Question 3

There are _____ bytes in a gigabyte.

Answer 3

2^3

Question 4

In a _____ , the original contents of the memory cell are unchanged.

Answer 4

Nondestructive Fetch

Question 5

A cache is typically ____ times faster than RAM but much smaller.

Answer 5

5 to 10

Question 6

To solve the difficulty of scaling memory organization, memories are physically organized into a ____-dimensional organization.

Answer 6

Two

Question 7

The _____ are the devices that allow a computer system to communicate and interact with the outside world as well as store information.

Answer 7

Input/Output Units

Question 8

The _____ of a disk is the time needed to position the read/write head over the correct track.

Answer 8

Seek Time

Question 9

The _____ of a disk is the time for the beginning of the desired sector to rotate under the read/write head.

Answer 9

Latency

Question 10

A(n) ____ handles the details of input/output and compensates for any speed differences between
I/O devices and other parts of the computer.

Answer 10

I/O Controller

Question 11

To alert the computer that an input/output operation is done, a(n) _____ is transmitted to the processor.

Answer 11

Interrupt Signal

Question 12

A(n) ____ is a storage cell that holds the operands of an arithmetic operation and that, when the operation is complete, holds its result.

Answer 12

Register

Question 13

If a computer has a maximum of 2N memory cells, then each address field in a machine language instruction must be _____ bits wide to enable us to address every cell.

Answer 13

N

Question 14

____ machines are designed to directly provide a wide range of powerful features so that finished programs for these processors are shorter.

Answer 14

CISC

Question 15

A complex instruction set computer or _______ is a computer in which single instructions can execute several low-level operations (such as a load from memory, an arithmetic operation, and a memory store) or are capable of multi-step operations or addressing modes within single instructions.

Answer 15

CISC

Question 16

The______ operation in Von Neumann machines uses a special set of bits known as condition codes.

Answer 16

Compare

Question 17

The ______ machine language instructions alter the normal sequential flow of control.

Answer 17

Branch

Question 18

It is the task of the _____ to fetch and execute instructions.

Answer 18

Control Unit

Question 19

The _____ holds the address of the next instruction to be executed.

Answer 19

Program Counter

Question 20

During the ____ phase, the control unit circuitry generates the necessary sequence of control signals and data transfer signals to the other units of the computer to carry out the instruction.

Answer 20

Execute

Question 21

In the SIMD parallel processing model, the control unit ____ instructions to every ALU.

Answer 21

Broadcasts

Question 22

The way information is represented by humans and the way it is entered at the keyboard is known as the _____ of information.

Answer 22

External Representation

Question 23

Any whole number that can be represented in base 10 can also be represented in base 2, although it may take _____ digits.

Answer 23

More

Question 24

Using the leftmost bit of a number to represent the sign, with 0 meaning positive and 1 meaning negative is termed ____ notation.

Answer 24

Sign/Magnitude

Question 25

ASCII is able to encode a total of ____ different characters.

Answer 25

256

Question 26

UNICODE is able to encode a total of ____ different characters.

Answer 26

65536

Question 27

The ______ of a sound wave is a measure of its loudness.

Answer 27

The Amplitude

Question 28

The total number of _____ per second is called hertz.

Answer 28

Cycles

Question 29

The ______ is the number of bits used to encode each sample.

Answer 29

Bit Depth

Question 30

A(n) ____ is a distinct point located on an image’s surface.

Answer 30

Pixel

Question 31

The True Color scheme uses _____ bits.

Answer 31

24

Question 32

____ schemes compress data in a way that does not guarantee that all of the information in the original data can be fully and completely recreated.

Answer 32

Lossy Compression

Question 33

There are _____ stable states in a bistable environment.

Answer 33

Two

Question 34

Transistors are constructed from _____ , such as silicon and gallium arsenide.

Answer 34

Semiconductors

Question 35

The _____ operation complements the value of a Boolean expression.

Answer 35

NOT

Question 36

In a _____ , the values of the outputs depend only on the current values of the inputs.

Answer 36

Circuit

Question 37

____ is a circuit construction algorithm.

Answer 37

Sum-Of-Products

Question 38

What are the four steps of the sum-of-products algorithm?

Answer 38

truth table construction, subexpression construction using AND and NOT gates, subexpression combination using OR gates, circuit diagram production

Question 39

A(n) ____ is a circuit that performs binary addition on two unsigned N-bit integers

Answer 39

Full Adder

Question 40

A multiplexor chooses one specific input by using an additional set of N lines called _____ lines

Answer 40

Selector

Question 41

1

Answer 41

A multiplexor is a circuit that has 2N input lines and _____ output line(s).