quiz Flashcards
Taking into consideration building design which does not have any sophisticated mechanical equipment in order to induce comfort conditions in building interiors
Passive Cooling
Consider most high technology inputs and equipment together with mechanical and moving parts.
Active system
In active systems, the initial cost of the building fabric will be
Low
Cost of passive cooling
Operation, Maintenance
Cost of active cooling
Project cost, material labor
Maximum wind exposure, maximum internal airflow, minimum radiant heat gain
Hot-Humid Climate
Minimum radiant heat gain, moderate wind resistance, moderate internal airflow
Hot-dry climate
Maximum thermal retention, maximum radiant heat gain, minimum wind resistance
Cool Climate
Moderate thermal retention, moderate radiant heat gain, slight wind expose (humidity control), Moderate internal airflow
Temperate climate
A form of energy generated by the random motion of molecules
Heat
Three processes by which heat is transferred
Condution, convection, radiation
The process in which heat energy is transferred from one vibrating molecule to the one immediatelt adjacent to it without any relative displacement of molecules
Conduction
The transfer of heat between a surface and a moving fluid or the transfer of heat by movement of the molecules from one point in a fluid to another.
At night the land cools faster than water, the resulting movement of air is from land to sea at the surface and from sea to land aloft
Land Breeze
The movement of air at higher levels is brought downwards closer to the ground by?
Eddy Diffusion
Wind strength at the ground is maximum by? and min at?
midday ; Night
Two orders of dependence can be established between wind strength and the temperature structure of a given wind speed;
- Dependence is substantially greater by night than by day 2.Dependence increases with proximity to the ground
Characteristics of Atmosphere Motion
Dimension, Gradient, Lumpness and streak, Eddying
This characteristics refers to the scale of the phrnomenon which can consist of any combination of the thermodynamic factors of length, mass, time, and temperature
Characteristics of atmosphere motion (Dimension)
the air in the atmosphere consist of gradient of varying density existing in a gravitational fluid.
Characteristics of atmosphere motion (Gradient)
is the tendency of the atmosphere to develop into vertical cells surrounded by relativley still air.
Characteristics of atmosphere motion (Lumpiness and Streakness)
Assiciated wuth the Lumpines and streakness of the atmosphere is a wide scale varying eddies and whirls
Characteristics of atmosphere motion (Eddying)
Forces Acting okn the air particle
Pressure force, Coriolis force, Centrifugal force, frictional force
Acting from a high pressure area at a low pressure area
Pressure force
As motion starts, rotating earth will cause the particle to deflect to the right tending to modify the motion until the particle moves parallel to the isobar.
Coriolis Force
Due to the motion of the particle in a curved path and directed away from the center of rotation.
Centrifugal force
Due to the irregularities of the earths surface and also due to the friction betweenair particles.
Frictional Resistance
Characteristics of Typhoons
- periphery of typhpoon extending as much as 300 km from the eye - air velocities as great as 250 km per hour. -Cumulus clouds
angle of typhoon towards the center from the isobarsa
20 to 30 degrees
average lifespan of a typhoon
more than a week
are large scale seasonal currents from land to sea and from sea to land
Monsoon
Hedges and shrubs should not be more than – from building
3 meters
Tree foliage — promote air motion into openings and absorbing heat form bldg elements
Above openings
Combine —. — , and — to achieve air flow control
Tree, hedge, and building
— to determine wind shadow
Arrange trees
make use of — to achieve better air movement
Earth mounds
choose more — plants to maintain ecosystem
Indigenous
strategically put water features on ..
high sunglare and windward areas
equator receives more ? than polar regions
Radiation
Heat from equator move towards
Polar regions
Cold air moves to
equator close to earth’surface
Rotation of earth deflects the air
Coriolis Force
A phenomenon that causes fluids, like water and air, to curve as they travel across or above earth’s surface
The Coriolis Effect
Northern hemisphere storm direction
Counter clockwise
Southern Hemisphere storm direction
clockwise
A seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing or strongestwinds of a region
Monsoon
When is habagat
May to sept
When is amihan
October to late march
Wet season
June to november
Dry season
December to may
Hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones are known to scientists as
Tropical cyclones
A mature and extremely large cyclone. This disturbance brings gusty winds and rains that trigger flashloods and landslides
Typhoons
Typhoons generally originate in the region of
Marianas and Caroline Islands of the Pacific Ocean
In — you should expect 0 or 1 typhoons
April
In –, — you should expect 1-2 typohoons
May. june
In –,–,– you should expect 2-3 typhoons
July, august, september
Deadliest typhoon
Haiphong, 20000 deaths
Destructive typhoon
Yolanda, 2013, 95.5 billiion
