Handout 2 Flashcards
Climate
Weather and climatic forces are products of
Solar radiation
Is a radiant energy emited by the sun, particularly electromagnetic energy
Solar Radiation
Classification of solar radiation
UV Radiation, Visible light, Short Infra-Red Radiation
is the angle between an object’s rational acis and line perpendicular to its oribital plane
Axial Tilt
Climatic Factors
Solar Radiation, Titl of earths axis, thermal balance, winds, topography
absorbs direct scattered source of almost all earth’s energy occurs in short wavelengths
Solar Radiation
annual, monthly, and diurnal maximum and minimum temperature
Air Temperature
Measurement of the temperature of the air and as far as possible excludes any radiant temperature. Always measured in the shade. Using a thermometer and can either be in units f or c
Dry Bulb Temperature
Amount of moisture present in the air (g/m3)
Absolute Humidity
Weight of unit vapor per unit weight of air (g/kg)
Specific Humidity
partial pressure of water vapor present in the air
Vapor Pressure
Refers to the amount of water in the air. Measured using a hygrometer and can be in the form of wet bulb temo in f or c
Relative Humidity
Data in the form of total monthly rainfall of maximum rainfall during the 24 hr period.
Precipitation
Precipitation is measured using
Rain gauge in inches or cm
The direction, frequency, and force of the wind throughout the years
Wind
Microclimatic Conditions
Time of Day, Topography, Water, Ground Surfaces, Vegetation
Human comfort as determined by the ability of the body to dissipate the heat and moisture it produces by metabolic action
Thermal Comfort
Is a condition of both physical and mental well being and designers are responsible for providing an internal climatic environment that can prpduce it.
Thermal Comfort
Factors of Microclimate
Time of day, Vegetation and Soil Typr, Manmade structures, Topography, Proximity to bodies of water
Those regions where heat is the dominant problem, where the annual mean temperature is not less than 20 degrees
Tropical Climate
Concerned with countries where discomfort due to heat and humidity are the dominant problems
Tropical Design
(Characteristics of Tropical Climate) Aveerage mean temperature and small diurnal temp change/range?
20-30 deg C. Small dirunal change:2-5 deg C
(Characteristics of Tropical Climate)Humidity levels?
50% Tto 100% Relative Humidity
(Characteristics of Tropical Climate) wIND CONDITIONS
Slow Wind Flow, Average of 2 m/s
Amihan (North East)
Nov to April
Habagat (SW)
May to October
(Characteristics of Tropical Climate) Sky condition?
Overcast sky most of the time. lots of reflected heat/solar gain
(Characteristics of Tropical Climate) pRECIPITATION?
High during the year, average 1000mm/yr
Water content in the airn an on the body does not evaporate as fast resulting in very low comfort levels
High Humidity Levels
Design Objectives in Tropical Climates
Minimize heat gain, maximize ventilation, prevent unecessary increase in humidity levels, have good drainage systems, protect spaces from insects and rodents
