quiz

Question 1

chattel slavery

Answer 1

a form of slavery in which one person owns another

Question 2

fourth world

Answer 2

a term that describes stigmatized minority groups who have no voice or representation on the world stage

Question 3

GINI coefficient

Answer 3

a measure of income inequality between countries using a 100 point scale, in which 1 represents complete equality and 100 represents the highest possible inequality

Question 4

global stratification

Answer 4

the unequal distribution of resources between countries

Question 5

modernization theory

Answer 5

a theory that low income countries can improve their global economic standing by industrialization of infrastructure and a shift in cultural attitudes towards work

Question 6

peripheral nations

Answer 6

nations on the fringes of the global economy, dominated by core nations, with very little industrialization

Question 7

underground economy?

Answer 7

an unregulated economy of labor and goods that operates outside of governance, regulatory systems, or human protections

Question 8

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a ____ perspective to understand the global economy

Answer 8

conflict theory

Question 9

A ____ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure

Answer 9

functional

Question 10

A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would

Answer 10

want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day to day basis

Question 11

France might be classified as which kind of nation

Answer 11

core

Question 12

In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their American factories and relocated to China. This is an example of

Answer 12

capital flight

Question 13

slavery in the pre civil war American south most closely resembled

Answer 13

chattel slavery

Question 14

Maya a 12 year old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not known where she wil sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in ___ poverty

Answer 14

absolute

Question 15

Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does no have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in?

Answer 15

Relative poverty

Question 16

Faith has a full time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that with her education and experience her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing

Answer 16

subjective poverty

Question 17

in an American town, mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. they sell goods to the workers at inflated prices, offer house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and make sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. this most closely resembles

Answer 17

debt slavery

Question 18

one flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize

Answer 18

that previously low income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations

Question 19

One flaw in the modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize?

Answer 19

its inherent ethnocentric bias

Question 20

if sociologist says that nations evolve towards more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using __ theory to study the global economy

Answer 20

modernization theory

Question 21

if a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations he is a

Answer 21

dependency theory

Question 22

dependency theorists explain global inequality and global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that

Answer 22

core nations exploit peripheral nations

Question 23

Resilience (Mills and Khan)

Answer 23

Mills: top of three institutions (corporate executive, political leaders, military commanders) have power and strive to maintain it
Khan looks at cultural aspects: what allows them to maintain their position?

Question 24

What does “challenging the elite empowers the elite?

Answer 24

the elite had to reinvent itself under criticism and got out stronger and more resilient

Question 25

Constitution of identities?

Answer 25

constructivist perspective, identity not fixed, rigid, can be reinvented

Question 26

Exclusionary mechanism

Answer 26

Bourdieu: social capital, but also cultural capital

Question 27

Democratization of certain symbols?

Answer 27

tourism

Question 28

Elitization of others

Answer 28

bohemian life style

Question 29

What does reappropriation do and example?

Answer 29

changes their meaning; flamenco (dance of marginalized gypsies in marginalized poor Andalucia, appreciated by wealthy european tourists (orientalism), changed its meaning and who performs it

Question 30

Cultural elite

Answer 30

rebirth based on new values and norms ( more open)
“elite have changed. they are now more open and meritocratic. they are also engine of inequalities

Question 31

Functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism

Answer 31

some nations are better than others at adapting to new technologies and profiting form a globalized economy, and that when core nation companies locate in peripheral nations, they expand the local economy and benefit the workers
creation and reproduction of inequality. core nations exploit the resources of peripheral nations
meanings individuals attach to global stratification and the subjective nature of poverty. how someone in the core defines as poverty (relative poverty) vs someone living in a peripheral nation

Question 32

Wallerstein

Answer 32

dependency theory: Marxist influence
International migration has little to do with wage rates or employment differentials between states; it is linked to the structure of the world market that has developed since the 16th century; owner of big corporation enter poor countries for raw material, labor, consumers.
international migration is the direct result of capitalist market formation in the developing world. the international flow of labor follows the international flows of good but in the opposite direction

Question 33

feminization of poverty

Answer 33

wage differences, female-headed households, informal employment, domestic violence, lower access to education and healthcare, patriarchal structure, household chores inequalities

Question 34

health in low income countries

Answer 34

inadequate health facilities; no proper sanitation->drink polluted water-> greater chance for contracting infectious diseases, malnourishment hunger, people are most likely to die in infancy, children die form illnesses treatable in high income countries