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Organic Chemistry Lab (Serena) > Quiz 1 - Intermolecular Forces > Flashcards

Quiz 1 - Intermolecular Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

Sp3 Hybridization = …

A

Tetrahedral

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2
Q

Sp2 Hybridization = …

A

Trigonal Planar

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3
Q

Sp Hybridization = …

A

Linear

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4
Q

Sp3 –> Tetrahedral –> No lone pairs –> …

A

Tetrahedral

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5
Q

Sp3 –> Tetrahedral –> 1 lone pair –> …

A

Trigonal Pyramidal

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6
Q

Sp3 –> Tetrahedral –> 2 lone pairs –> …

A

Bent

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7
Q

Sp2 –> Trigonal Planar –> 1 lone pair –> …

A

Bent

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8
Q

Sp2 –> Trigonal Planar –> No lone pairs –> …

A

Trigonal Planar

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9
Q

Sp –> Linear –> …

A

Linear

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10
Q

Electronegativity differences cause __________ ________ _____________ in bonds.

A

Electron density polarization

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11
Q

Define Polarization

A

Shifting of electrons within their orbitals in a bond which result in a bond moment

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12
Q

A non-symmetrical bond moment results in a __________ __________ ___________.

A

Molecular dipole moment

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13
Q

Define Dipole Moment

A

Equation…

amount of partial charge) X (distance the partial are separated

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14
Q

Dipole moments are reported in units of ________.

A

Debye

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15
Q

1 Debye = _____ (esu) X (cm)

A

10^-18

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16
Q

One electron has a charge of ______________ esu.

A

4.80x10^-10

17
Q

The Dipole Moment of a molecule with multiple polar bonds is…

A

The vector sum of all individual bond dipoles

18
Q

You must determine a molecules ____________ before analyzing its polarity.

A

Geometry

19
Q

T/F A linear molecule could be very different from angular molecules

A

True

20
Q

What are the different properties that could be affected by the attractions between molecules

A
  • Solubility
  • Boiling Point
  • Density
  • State of Matter
  • Melting Point
21
Q

Neutral molecules are attracted to one another through…

A
  • Dipole-Dipole Interactions
  • Hydrogen Bonding
  • Dispersion Forces
22
Q

Define Dipole-Dipole Forces

A

Forces that result when polar molecules line up their opposite charges

23
Q

Define Hydrogen Bonding

A

A strong type of Dipole-Dipole Attraction

24
Q

Hydrogen bonds are strong because…

A

The partial charges are relatively large

25
Q

When Hydrogen shares electrons with a highly electronegative atom like ____, _____, _____ or _____ it will carry a large _________ ___________ _________.

A

O, N, F or Cl; partial positive charge

26
Q

Large positive charges on the Hydrogen atom can attract large _______ charges on other molecules.

A

Negative

27
Q

Even with large partial charges, Hydrogen Bonds are __________ than Covalent Bonds.

A

10-20 times weaker

28
Q

Define Protic Compounds

A

Compounds with Hydrogen atoms that are capable of forming Hydrogen Bonds

29
Q

Define London Dispersion Forces

A

Nonpolar molecules that have negative electrons that are evenly spread out around a positive nuclei which completely balances the charge

30
Q

The electrons in London Dispersion Forces are in…

A

Constant random motion

31
Q

What occurs if there is an uneven distribution in London Dispersion Forces?

A

An uneven distribution produces a small (temporary) transient dipole including a temporary dipole in a neighboring molecule

32
Q

The GREATER the surface area of molecules the ______ transient induced dipole attractions.

A

MORE

33
Q

Polar compounds generally mix well with…

A

Other polar compounds

34
Q

What is used to give a visual depiction of polarity?

A

Electrostatic potential maps

35
Q

Hydrogen Bonds are an especially _______ type of Dipole-Dipole Attraction.

A

STRONG

36
Q

T/F It’s not difficult to get a polar compound to mix with a nonpolar compound

A

False; it is difficult to get a polar compound to mix with a nonpolar compound

Organic Chemistry Lab (Serena) (7 decks)

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