Quiz 1 (Helminths)

Question 1

Platynosomum concinnum

Answer 1

“Lizard poisoning fluke”
DH: liver, bile, pancreatic ducts of cats
IH: terrestrial snails, anoles, +/- pill bugs

Question 2

Heterobilharzia americana

Answer 2

“Canine blood fluke”
DH: mesenteric/hepatic veins of dogs
IH: aquatic snails
ZOONOTIC: “Swimmer’s Itch”

Question 3

Dipylidium caninum

Answer 3

“Cucumber-seed tapeworm”
DH: SI dogs
IH: feas, dog lice

Question 4

Anoplocephala perfoliata

Answer 4

“Lappeted tapeworm”
DH: horses
IH: mites

Question 5

Taenia pisiformis

Answer 5

“Rabbit Tapeworm” or “Abdominal Bladderworm”
DH: SI canids
IH: peritoneal cavity of rabbits and hares

Question 6

Spirometra mansonoides

Answer 6

DH: cats
IH: copepod (procercoid) and frogs/rats/snakes (plerocercoid)
ZOONOTIC

Question 7

Ostertagia ostertagi

Answer 7

“Brown stomach worm”

DH: abomasum of ruminants

Question 8

Haemonchus contortus

Answer 8

“Barberpole worm”

DH: abomasum of ruminants

Question 9

Ancylostoma caninum

Answer 9

“Hookworms”
DH: dogs and cats
ZOONOTIC: CLM

Question 10

“Oxyuris equi”

Answer 10

“Large equine pinworm”

DH: horses

Question 11

Toxocara canis

Answer 11

“Canine Ascarid”
DH: SI of dogs
ZOONOTIC: VLM
Eggs with L2 are infective*

Question 12

Paratenic Host

Answer 12

No reproduction or progression of life stages of parasite

Question 13

Prepatent period

Answer 13

time from host infection to when the parasite starts reproducing

Question 14

Patent period

Answer 14

shedding life stages in feces and environment

Question 15

“Big 3” groups of parasites

Answer 15

1. Protozoans
2. Helminths
3. Arthropods

Question 16

Parasitiasis

Answer 16

no obvious clinical signs of infection/disease

Question 17

Parasitosis

Answer 17

Animal is clearly infected/diseased

Question 18

Sylvatic zoonosis

Answer 18

parasited of wild animals infecting humans

Question 19

Urban/domestic zoonosis

Answer 19

parasites of companion or food animal infecting humans

Question 20

Evolution of parasitism

Answer 20

1. Parasite co-evolved with host

2. Parasite recently colonized host (very pathogenic!)

Question 21

Overdispersion

Answer 21

Not all animals in herd harbor same number of parasites

Question 22

How parasites escape immunity

Answer 22

1. Molecular mimicry
2. Antigenic variation
3. Secretion of substances that disable local immune responses

Question 23

How parasites increase fecundity

Answer 23

1. Shed large numbers of eggs/cysts
2. Hemaphroditic
3. Asexual reproduction

Question 24

Euryxenous

Answer 24

wide variety of hosts

Question 25

Stenogenous

Answer 25

extremely host specific

Question 26

Fasciola heptaica

Answer 26

“Liver fluke”
DH: bile ducts of cattle, sheep, goats
IH: aquatic snails

Question 27

Definitive host

Answer 27

final host where sexual reproduction and/or adult or mature stages are seen

Question 28

Intermediate host

Answer 28

host in which asexual reproduction occurs and/or developing stages are seen

Question 29

Trichinella spiralis

Answer 29

“Trichina worm”
DH: SI of many animals
IH: striated muscle (L1)
Raw/undercooked pork

Question 30

Diroflaria immitis

Answer 30

“Heartworms”
DH: cat and dog R ventricle and pulmonary arteries
IH: mosquito (aka vector)
Mff look similar to Acanthocheilonema reconditum
Occult infections: “hidden” b/c single sex, low numbers