Quiz 1 (Helminths) Flashcards
Platynosomum concinnum
“Lizard poisoning fluke”
DH: liver, bile, pancreatic ducts of cats
IH: terrestrial snails, anoles, +/- pill bugs
Heterobilharzia americana
“Canine blood fluke”
DH: mesenteric/hepatic veins of dogs
IH: aquatic snails
ZOONOTIC: “Swimmer’s Itch”
Dipylidium caninum
“Cucumber-seed tapeworm”
DH: SI dogs
IH: feas, dog lice
Anoplocephala perfoliata
“Lappeted tapeworm”
DH: horses
IH: mites
Taenia pisiformis
“Rabbit Tapeworm” or “Abdominal Bladderworm”
DH: SI canids
IH: peritoneal cavity of rabbits and hares
Spirometra mansonoides
DH: cats
IH: copepod (procercoid) and frogs/rats/snakes (plerocercoid)
ZOONOTIC
Ostertagia ostertagi
“Brown stomach worm”
DH: abomasum of ruminants
Haemonchus contortus
“Barberpole worm”
DH: abomasum of ruminants
Ancylostoma caninum
“Hookworms”
DH: dogs and cats
ZOONOTIC: CLM
“Oxyuris equi”
“Large equine pinworm”
DH: horses
Toxocara canis
“Canine Ascarid”
DH: SI of dogs
ZOONOTIC: VLM
Eggs with L2 are infective*
Paratenic Host
No reproduction or progression of life stages of parasite
Prepatent period
time from host infection to when the parasite starts reproducing
Patent period
shedding life stages in feces and environment
“Big 3” groups of parasites
- Protozoans
- Helminths
- Arthropods
Parasitiasis
no obvious clinical signs of infection/disease
Parasitosis
Animal is clearly infected/diseased
Sylvatic zoonosis
parasited of wild animals infecting humans
Urban/domestic zoonosis
parasites of companion or food animal infecting humans
Evolution of parasitism
- Parasite co-evolved with host
2. Parasite recently colonized host (very pathogenic!)
Overdispersion
Not all animals in herd harbor same number of parasites
How parasites escape immunity
- Molecular mimicry
- Antigenic variation
- Secretion of substances that disable local immune responses
How parasites increase fecundity
- Shed large numbers of eggs/cysts
- Hemaphroditic
- Asexual reproduction
Euryxenous
wide variety of hosts
Stenogenous
extremely host specific
Fasciola heptaica
“Liver fluke”
DH: bile ducts of cattle, sheep, goats
IH: aquatic snails
Definitive host
final host where sexual reproduction and/or adult or mature stages are seen
Intermediate host
host in which asexual reproduction occurs and/or developing stages are seen
Trichinella spiralis
“Trichina worm”
DH: SI of many animals
IH: striated muscle (L1)
Raw/undercooked pork
Diroflaria immitis
“Heartworms”
DH: cat and dog R ventricle and pulmonary arteries
IH: mosquito (aka vector)
Mff look similar to Acanthocheilonema reconditum
Occult infections: “hidden” b/c single sex, low numbers
