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AP GOV > QUIZ 1 : GENERAL VOCAB pt 1 > Flashcards

QUIZ 1 : GENERAL VOCAB pt 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Authoritarianism

A

The belief that people should submit to authority figures and laws, regardless of how unfair they may be or whether doing so will restrict their freedom

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2
Q

Bureaucracy

A

a system of government in which most of the important decisions are taken by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

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3
Q

Bicameral

A

having two main sides of a parliament

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4
Q

Checks and Balances

A

factors inside a political system or organization that work to maintain justice and prevent a single group from holding all the power

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5
Q

Civil Liberties

A

Freedom from unjustified meddling in one’s affairs by people or the state

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6
Q

Civil Society

A

a political organization that controls chaos in society by enforcing laws that prevent people from hurting one another

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6
Q

Civil Rights

A

the rights that each and every member of a society is entitled to, regardless of their gender, race, or religion, ex : the right to vote, fair treatment, and employment

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7
Q

Coup d’etat

A

is the sudden, violent overthrow of a government by a small group, usually the political or military elite, with the aim of toppling the current administration. The phrase is French and means “blow against the state” or “stroke of state.”

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8
Q

Communism

A

system of social organization where everyone contributes and where the community owns all property

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9
Q

Confederation

A

an alliance made up of countries, that have teamed together to support one another

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10
Q

Democratization

A

the process of making a nation or an organization more democratic

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11
Q

Devolution

A

transfer of authority from a local government/authority to a central government/authority

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12
Q

Direct Democracy

A

the people make decisions about policies without the help of elected representatives.

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13
Q

Executive Branch

A

branch of government responsible for public affairs and upholding laws

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14
Q

Fascism

A

an extreme right-wing political ideology that supports a powerful national government, aggressively raises one’s own nation or race above others, and opposes any kind of opposition

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15
Q

Federalism

A

commitment to and acceptance of a federal form of governance

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16
Q

Government

A

the group of people who are responsible for controlling a country or a state

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17
Q

Head of State

A

the leader or president of a country or state

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18
Q

Head of Government

A

the leader of the group of people who are responsible for controlling a country or a state

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19
Q

Illiberal Democracy

A

explains a style of government where “formally democratic procedures hide nondemocratic practices.”

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20
Q

Imperialism

A

a system where one nation rules over other nations, frequently after winning a battle with them

21
Q

Indirect Democracy

A

When citizens choose representatives to enact laws on their behalf.

22
Q

judiciary

A

the judges of a country/ state, when they are considered as a group

23
Q

Judicial Review

A

the ability of a nation’s courts to review decisions made by the government’s branches

24
Q

Legislative Branch

A

The House and Senate, often referred to as the Congress.

25
Q

Military Junta

A

is a government lead by a committee of military leaders

26
Q

Liberalization

A

the reduction of governmental controls in economy in return for increased involvement by private organizations.

27
Q

Liberal Democracy

A

an elected government cannot discriminate against specific individuals or groups when it administers justice and protects basic rights

28
Q

Nation-state

A

sovereign state of which most of the citizens are united by factors which define a nation, such as language or common descent.

29
Q

Nationalization

A

the process which a business or industry is placed under government ownership and management

30
Q

Parliamentary System

A

the head of state gets democratic legitimacy by commanding the support of the majority of the legislature.

31
Q

Patron-Client System

A

a mutual arrangement between a person that has authority, social status, wealth, or some other personal resource (patron) and another who benefits from their support or influence (client).

32
Q

Political Culture

A

how culture impacts politics.

33
Q

Political Efficacy

A

a level at which the general public believes it is within their power to alter the government and that they are capable of doing so.

34
Q

Power

A

the ability to control people or things

35
Q

Politics

A

the actions involved in getting and using authority in public life and having the ability to influence choices that have an impact on a nation or a society

36
Q

Privatization

A

the process of selling a company or sector of the economy to remove government ownership

37
Q

Presidential System

A

is a type of government where a head of state is in charge of an executive branch that operates independently of the legislative branch in systems that apply the division of powers.

38
Q

Proportional Representation

A

refers to any election system where the elected body reflects the proportionate representation of an electorate’s subgroups

39
Q

Referendum

A

an occasion when all the people of a country can vote on an important issue

40
Q

Regime

A

a method or system of government, one that has not been elected in a fair way

41
Q

Republic

A

a country that is governed by a president and politicians elected by the people and where there is no king or queen

42
Q

Rule of Law

A

is a system of laws, institutions, norms, and community commitment

43
Q

Socialism

A

a political and economic theory of social organization which believes that production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.

44
Q

Separation of Powers

A

a constitutional legal theory that maintains the separation of the three departments of government (legislative, executive, and judicial)

45
Q

Sovereignty

A

total authority to run a nation

46
Q

State

A

a country seen as a unified political entity under one government

47
Q

Theocracy

A

leadership of a nation by religious figures

48
Q

Totalitarianism

A

the idea that a one-party political regime has total authority over the people

49
Q

Unicameral

A

has a single primary legislative body in a parlimant

50
Q

Unitary System

A

kind of government system in which a single power (central government) controls the whole government.

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