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THY 413 Kinesiotherapy 2 > Quiz 1: Exercise Progression and ROM > Flashcards

Quiz 1: Exercise Progression and ROM Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cumulative injury cycle? (what order does pain progress through?)

A

Pain
Inflammation
Muscle adhesion
Movement dysfunction
Muscle imbalance
Injury

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2
Q

What does R.I.C.E. stand for?

A

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

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3
Q

_______ _______ is the key to optimizing results, whether it’s improving strength, endurance, flexibility, or balance.

A

Exercise progression

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4
Q

True or False:
Exercise progression prevents plateaus and keeps clients motivated by presenting new challenges.

A

True

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5
Q

What are the 4 principles of progression?

A

Overload
Specificity
Individuality
Reversibility

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6
Q

What is the overload progression principle?

A

(work harder to get stronger)
gradually increase the demands places on the body’s system to elicit adaptation and improvement

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7
Q

What is the specificity principle?

A

(train specific muscle area)
tailor the exercise to target specific muscle groups and movement patterns relevant to your client’s needs.

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8
Q

What is the individuality principle?

A

(unique to the client)
consider each client’s unique fitness level, limitations, and goals when designing a progression plan.

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9
Q

What is the reversibility principle?

A

(get better when you rest)
allow adequate rest and recovery periods to prevent over training and ensure sustainable progress.

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10
Q

What are the different way to show progression? (3)

A
  • increasing weight/resistance
  • manipulating sets/reps
  • introducing variations and complexities
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11
Q

True or False:
When given an exercise program, all patients will progress at the same pace as the next person.

A

False. All patients are unique and will progress at different speeds.

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12
Q

How do you show progression for aerobic exercise?

A

gradually increase the intensity (speed, incline, difficulty, type, volume) or duration of activities like swimming, cycling, or running.

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13
Q

How do you show progression for resistance exercise?

A

progressively increase the weight/resistance, sets/reps, or exercise complexity as strength and endurance improve

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14
Q

What is the #1 goal of monitoring and adjusting progress?

A

Quality > quantity

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15
Q

True or False:
It is important to make sure the patient’s form is proper before letting them begin their exercise.

A

True, this prevents risk of injury

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16
Q

When monitoring and adjusting patient progression, how do you track progress data?

A

monitor changes in strength, endurance, flexibility, or pain levels to make proper adjustments.
Important to know variations of exercises and precursors.

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17
Q

Why is it important to seek feedback from your client when monitoring and adjusting patient progression?

A

You need to regularly communicate with your client in order to understand their perceived difficulty and adjust accordingly.
You should NEVER guess how a client is feeling.

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18
Q

What are the four main points to remember when addressing plateaus and challenges?

A
  • plateaus are inevitable
  • variety is key
  • focus on form over weight
  • consider deload weeks (reduced intensity)
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19
Q

What are the four main points of progression in special populations?

A
  • adapt exercises (accommodation)
  • focus on functional movements (ADLs)
  • start low & progress gradually (slow and steady wins race)
  • celebrate small wins
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20
Q

True or False:
Progress will be faster in special populations.

A

False, it will be slower.

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21
Q

What are some technology and tools for progression?

A

Wearable technology
Mobile apps
Software programs

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22
Q

What are some examples of wearable technology?

A
  • HR monitors
  • Activity trackers
  • Smart scales (analyzes body comp and BMI)
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23
Q

What are some examples of mobile apps?

A
  • exercise libraries (exercise instructions)
  • personalized training programs
  • instructional videos
  • progress tracking features
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24
Q

What are some examples of software programs?

A
  • data-driven program design (customized programs)
  • advanced progression algorithm
  • real-time monitoring and feedback
  • integration with wearables and apps
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25
Q

What are SMART goals?

A

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results, Time

26
Q

What are some motivational strategies for progression?

A
  • SMART goals
  • Positive reinforcement
  • Create a supportive environment
  • Focus on progress, not perfection
27
Q

What is ROM?

A

the amount of angular motion between 2 boney levers at a joint

28
Q

What are the 4 types of ROM?

A

RROM
PROM
AROM
AAROM

29
Q

Why is ROM important?

A

ROM is the key that unlocks functional independence.
Improves joint health and stability
Injury prevention

30
Q

What is PROM? What are the uses of it?

A

motion produced by an external force (manual/mechanical)
(not synonymous with passive stretching)
- decreases cartilage degeneration & adhesion
- prevents or minimizes joint contractures
- enhance synovial movement to provide cartilage nutrition
- maintain muscle elasticity
- assists healing after joint injury or surgery

31
Q

What can PROM NOT do? (3)

A
  1. Does not prevent muscle atrophy
  2. Does not increase muscle strength or endurance
  3. Has only minimal impact on circulation
32
Q

What is continuous passive motion (CPM)?

A

Passive motion that is performed by a mechanical device that moves a joint slowly and continuously through a preset, controlled ROM.

33
Q

What are the advantages of CPM?

A
  • Muscle memory (it goes only to the set degree)
  • Allows the therapist to better watch the patient
34
Q

When should you use PROM?

A
  • When a joint has acutely inflamed tissue
  • When a patient is not able to or not supposed to actively move the joint
  • Following surgical repair of contractile tissue when AROM would compromise the repaired muscle
35
Q

What is AROM?

A

a ROM produced entirely by a muscle action (grade 3 MMT)

36
Q

What are the benefits of AROM?

A
  • can build muscular endurance
  • can help prevent muscle atrophy
  • activates sensory receptors within the muscles and joints
  • help prevent stiffness and pain from returning
37
Q

When should you use AROM?

A
  • When a patient can contract the muscle actively and move a segment though a ROM
  • When resistance is not indicated
  • During immobilization, AROM is used above and below the joint
  • Can be used for aerobic conditioning
38
Q

True or False:
By using AROM, it can help maintain or increase strength.

A

False, for strong muscles AROM won’t maintain or increase strength

39
Q

What is AAROM?

A

a combination of both AROM and PROM, patient moves through as much AROM as possible then the rest is achieved via PROM

40
Q

What are the benefits of AAROM?

A

combines those of PROM and AROM

41
Q

What is RROM?

A

Resistance Range of Motion, also known as Manual Muscle Testing during the examination process.

42
Q

When should you use PROM before AROM?

A

when there is suspect muscular weakness or tissue lesion.

43
Q

What are the ways to assess (measure) AROM and PROM?

A

Visual and goniometry

44
Q

In assessing PROM, what are the 3 normal end feels?

A
  1. Soft: muscle to muscle, fat
  2. Firm: capsular, tendon, or ligamentous stretch
  3. Hard: bone to bone
45
Q

In assessing PROM, what are the 5 abnormal end feels?

A
  1. Soft: spongy = inflammation
  2. Firm: adhesion may be limiting motion
  3. Hard
  4. Empty: feels like it will keep going
  5. Spasm
46
Q

Goniometry of the ankle joint:
(dorsi and plantarflexion)

A

Axis: inferior to lateral malleolus
Stationary arm: head of fibula
Moving arm: parallel with 5th metatarsal

47
Q

Goniometry of the subtalar joint:
(inversion and eversion)

A

Axis: center of achilles
Stationary arm: centered in middle of calf following achilles
Moving arm: centered on calcaneus

48
Q

Goniometry of the knee:
(flexion and extension)

A

Axis: lateral epicondyle
Stationary arm: greater trochanter
Moving arm: in line with lateral malleolus

49
Q

Goniometry of the hip:
(abduct and adduct)

A

Axis: ASIS
Stationary arm: ASIS
Moving arm: running down to patella

50
Q

Goniometry of the hip:
(flex and extend)

A

Axis: greater trochanter
Stationary arm: running up lateral side of trunk
Moving arm: lateral epicondyle

51
Q

Goniometry of the hip:
(inversion and eversion)

A

Axis: center of patella
Stationary arm: aligned vertically to the ground
Moving arm: aligned with tibia

52
Q

Goniometry of the shoulder:
(flexion and extension)

A

Axis: lateral to acromion process
Stationary arm: parallel to thorax
Moving arm: centered on lateral humerus

53
Q

Goniometry of the shoulder:
(abduct and adduct)

A

Axis: anterior to acromion process
Stationary arm: parellel to torso
Moving arm: midline of humerus

54
Q

Goniometry of the shoulder:
(internal and external rot)

A

Axis: centered on olecranon process
Stationary arm: parallel to table
Moving arm: center of ulna

55
Q

Goniometry of the shoulder:
(horizontal abduct and adduct)

A

Axis: superior AC joint
Stationary arm: perpendicular to trunk
Moving arm: mid-humerus

56
Q

Goniometry of the elbow and forearm:
(flexion and extension)

A

Axis: lateral epicondyle
Stationary arm: aligned with long axis of humerus
Moving arm: long axis of radius

57
Q

Goniometry of the elbow and forearm:
(pronate and supinate)

A

Axis: lateral to ulnar styloid
Stationary arm: parallel to humeral midline
Moving arm: aligned with pen

58
Q

Goniometry of the wrist and hand:
(flexion and extension)

A

Axis: lateral joint line of wrist
Stationary arm: centered on midline of ulnar shaft
Moving arm: centered on midline of 5th metacarpal

59
Q

Goniometry of the wrist and hand:
(radial and ulnar deviation)

A

Axis: centered over distal radioulnar joint prox to capitate
Stationary arm: centered over midline of forearm
Moving arm: positioned over 3rd metacarpal

60
Q

Goniometry of finger:
(flexion and extension)

A

Axis: dorsal aspect of joint being tested
Stationary arm: proximal midline of joint being tested
Moving arm: distal and midline of joint being tested

THY 413 Kinesiotherapy 2 (4 decks)

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