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THY 413 Kinesiotherapy 2 > Aquatic Therapy (Ex 2 Material) > Flashcards

Aquatic Therapy (Ex 2 Material) Flashcards

1
Q

What is aquatic exercise?

A

any form of water based exercise
- exercises performed in water in multi-depth immersion pools or tanks

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2
Q

What activities can be performed in aquatic exercise?

A
  • stretching
  • strengthening
  • joint mobilization
  • balance
  • gait
  • endurance training
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3
Q

What are the 8 properties of water and immersion?

A
  • buoyancy
  • hydrostatic pressure
  • viscosity
  • surface tension
  • hydrodynamics
  • thermodynamics
  • density
  • center of buoyancy
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4
Q

What is buoyancy?

A

upward force that works opposite to gravity

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5
Q

What is the clinical significance to buoyancy?

A
  • reduces body weight
  • provides resistance
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6
Q

What is the percentage of BW off-loaded with increasing immersion depth at the neck?

A

90%

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7
Q

What is the percentage of BW off-loaded with increasing immersion depth at the naval?

A

50%

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8
Q

What is the percentage of BW off-loaded with increasing immersion depth at the shin?

A

15%

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9
Q

What is hydrostatic pressure?

A

pressure exerted by the water on the immersed object

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10
Q

What is the clinical significance of hydrostatic pressure?

A
  • assist venous return (assists cardiac function)
  • respiratory training
  • sensory input
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11
Q

What is viscosity?

A

magnitude of internal friction of a fluid during motion
- moving your hand across the surface of water in a pool v.s. doing it underwater

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12
Q

What is the clinical significance of viscosity?

A
  • provides resistance
  • increase speed –> increased resistance
  • equipment to increase surface area increases resistance
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13
Q

What is thermodynamics?

A

water is an efficent conductor and transfers heat 25x faster than air

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14
Q

What is the clinical significance of thermodynamics?

A
  • good and rapid means of heating and cooling the body
  • changes in body temp happen more rapid
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15
Q

What are the goals and indications for aquatic exercise?

A
  • facilitate ROM, WB, resistance training, and CV exercises
  • enhance delivery of manual therapy techniques
  • facilitate balance and walking
  • improve strength
  • provide 3-D patient access
  • minimize ROI/reinjury
  • relieve pain and muscle spasm
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16
Q

What are precautions for aquatic exercise?

A
  • fear of water
  • neurological disorders
  • seizure disorders
  • respiratory disorders
  • cardiac dysfunction
  • small, open wounds & Lines (Cover with waterproof dressing)
  • colostomy
  • bladder and bowel disorders
  • menstruation and vaginal bleeding
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17
Q

What are contraindications for aquatic exercise?

A
  • cardiac failure and unstable angina
  • severe respiratory dysfunction
  • danger of bleeding or hemorrhage
  • severe kidney disease (unable to adjust to fluid loss)
  • water and airborne infections or diseases
  • some dermatological conditions and skin infections
  • contagious diseases
18
Q

What is temperature regulation for aquatic exercise?

A

patients perceive small changes in water better than air
- over time, water penetrates to deeper tissue

19
Q

True or False:
HR and Q increase as water temp decreases

A

False, HR and Q decrease

20
Q

Core temps drop with temps below ___ degrees C (77F)

A

25 degrees

21
Q

Temps higher than 37 dgs C (98.6F) may prohibit ________ ________

A

prolonged exercise

22
Q

What are the water temp regulations for the following:
- strengthening/gait/flexibility
- acute pain, muscle spasm
- aerobic conditioning
- intense aerobic conditioning
- COPD
- congestive heart failure, Parkinson’s, Fibromyalgia
- MS
- arthiritis

A
  • strengthening/gait/flexibility = 78.8-95 F
  • acute pain, muscle spasm = 91.4 F
  • aerobic conditioning = 78.8-82.4 F
  • intense aerobic conditioning = 71.6-78.8 F
  • COPD = 93.2 F
  • congestive <3 failure, Parkinson’s, Fibromyalgia = 89.6 F
  • MS = 78.8-86 F
  • arthritis = 92.3-95.9 F
23
Q

What are the two types of pools for aquatic exercise?

A
  • traditional therapeutic pools
  • individual patient pools
24
Q

What are some equipment for aquatic exercise?

A
  • collars, rings, belts, and vests
  • swim bars
  • gloves, hand paddles, and hydro-tone balls
  • fins and hydro-tone boots
  • kick boards
  • weights
  • aquatic shoes and goggles
  • underwater treadmill
25
Q

What is some pool care and safety?

A
  • avoid pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • cleaning biweekly
  • chlorine and pH level tests (chlo 2x a day, pH 1x a day)
  • walking surfaces slip-resistant
  • safety rules and regulations posted
  • life preservers readily avalible
  • CPR-certified staff present at all times
  • emergency action plan in place
26
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some manual stretching techniques?

A
  • therapist position
  • patient position
    (buoyancy assisted BA seated or upright)
    (buoyancy supported BS supine)
  • hand placement
  • direction of movement
27
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some spine stretching techniques?

A
  • cervical spine: flexion
  • cervical spine: lateral flexion
  • thoracic and lumbar spine: lateral flexion/side bending
28
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some shoulder stretching techniques?

A
  • shoulder flex
  • shoulder exten
  • shoulder ext rot
  • shoulder int rot
29
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some hip stretching techniques?

A
  • hip exten
  • hip ext rot
  • hip int rot
30
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some knee stretching techniques?

A
  • knee exten with patient on steps
  • knee flex with patient on steps
  • knee flex with patient supine
  • hamstring stretch
31
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some self-stretching with aquatic equipment techniques?

A
  • shoulder flex and abduction
  • hip flexion
  • knee exten
  • knee flex
32
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some manual resistance exercises?

A
  • therapist position
  • patient position
    (buoyancy supported BS supine)
  • hand placement
  • direction of movement
33
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some UE manual resistance techniques?

A
  • shoulder flex/ext
  • shoulder abduct
  • shoulder int/ext rot
  • unilateral diagnonal pattern D1 and D2
  • bilateral diagonal pattern D2
34
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some LE manual resistance techniques?

A
  • hip add/ab
  • hip flex with knee flex
  • hip int/ext rot
  • knee ext
  • ankle dorsi and plantar
  • ankle inversion/eversion
35
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some dynamic trunk stabilization?

A
  • frontal plane
  • multidirectional
36
Q

For stretching exercises, what are some independent strengthening exercises?

A
  • extremity-strengthening exercises
  • lumbar spine strengthening
  • trunk-strengthening (standing, semi-reclined, supine, prone, deep-water)
37
Q

What are some treatment interventions for aerobic conditioning?

A
  • deep-water walking/running
  • mid-water jogging/running (immersed treadmill running)
  • immersed equipment
  • swimming strokes
38
Q

What are the 2 physiological responses to deep-water walking/running?

A
  1. cardiovascular response
  2. training effect
39
Q

How do you present proper form for deep-water running?

A
  1. instruction for beginners
  2. accommodating specific patient populations
40
Q

How do you measure the intensity of exercise for aerobic conditioning in aquatic exercise?

A
  1. RPE
  2. HR
41
Q

What is the Alter G?

A

Anti-gravity treadmill

THY 413 Kinesiotherapy 2 (4 decks)

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