Quiz 1 (Ethical Philosophies) Study Guide

Question 1

Define Ethics

Answer 1

• Having to do with character

Question 2

Virtue (Aristotle)

Answer 2

• Flourishing, Courage, Benevolence, Integrity, Friendship, Honesty, Knowledge, Justice

Question 3

Aristotle’s Golden Mean

Answer 3

• Appropriate or proportional, not moderation, Average between two extremes
• Acting, not acting

Question 4

Deontological (Kant)

Answer 4

• Obligation, duty, Necessary

Question 5

Kant’s Categorical Imperative

Answer 5

• Maxim: statement of what a person should do
• Pure reason: reflection on principles on which we act
• Means and ends

Question 6

Utilitarianism

Answer 6

• Act is right only if leads to the best consequences
• A good outcome is equality, greatest well- being

Question 7

Confucian

Answer 7

• Jen (Humaneness): All people are inherently good and will care for others
• Yi (Righteousness): Courtesy, Etiquette

Question 8

Divine Commands

Answer 8

• God’s will is the foundation

Question 9

Agape

Answer 9

• Unconditional, no strings attached, this love is extremely difficult.

Question 10

Friends

Answer 10

Chosen, Distinct, Partial

Question 11

Whole world

Answer 11

Impartial, Unknown

Question 12

Justice

Answer 12

• Noble, Love does not delight in in evil

Question 13

Rawl’s Veil of Ignorance

Answer 13

• American Philosopher John Rawls
• Social Contract Theory
• Decision Making

Question 14

Caring

Answer 14

• Bias: Principles, Justification, Fairness, Justice

Question 15

Ubuntu

Answer 15

• Humanness, Interconnectedness, Person is a person through other persons

Question 16

Women v. Men

Answer 16

• Women want more info, Objectivity, Applying a paradigm
• Men wants reasons, feelings, needs, situational

Question 17

Phronesis

Answer 17

• We understand what is generally good for humans, we know how to think through moral decisions

Question 18

Hedonism

Answer 18

• Pleasure (Judgemental connotation)