Quiz 1 (Chapters 1-3) Flashcards
What are three things social policies establish?
GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS FOR WHICH INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES, GROUPS AND COMMUNITIES CAN MEET THEIR BASIC NEEDS
STANDARDS AND THRESHOLDS OF ENTITLEMENT AND EXPECTATION AMONG CITIZENS
A WAY PEOPLE SHOULD BE TREATED BY INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS AND THE GOVERNMENT
What is the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
A FOUNDATION FOR THE RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS OF ALL CANADIANS
What kind of concept is social welfare?
ABSTRACT CONCEPT
What 4 levels occur in social welfare?
- INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES
- WITHIN COMMUNITIES
- NON-GOVERNMENTAL INSTITUTIONS
- GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES
What are two of the more structured ways of social welfare?
- SERVICE DELIVERY ORGANIZATIONS (SHELTERS AND DAYCARES)
- INCOME SECURITY PROGRAMS
What does the welfare state refer to?
GOVERNMENTS THAT COMMIT THEMSELVES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL POLICIES FOR THE COLLECTIVE WELL-BEING OF ALL
What three influences have helped Canada’s social welfare?
- NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS
- VOLUNTEERISM
- PHILANTHROPY
What has helped shape social welfare?
- GRASSROOTS ORGANIZATIONS
- CIVIL SOCIETY
- NON-PROFIT INSTITUTIONS
- PRIVATE SECTOR ENTITIES
What is a welfare regime?
INTERSECTING ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES PLAYED BY DOMINANT SOCIETAL SECTORS THAT PRODUCE SOCIAL WELFARE IN A COUNTRY
What are the 4 sectors of Canada’s contemporary system of social welfare?
- GOVERNMENT
- NONPROFIT AND VOLUNTARY SECTOR
- PRIVATE SECTOR OR MARKET
- INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES
True or False: Canada has the largest per capita nonprofit sector in the world.
False.
Canada has the SECOND largest per capita nonprofit sector in the world.
What role do families have in social welfare?
- CARING FOR SICK OR AGED RELATIVES
- SPONSORING MIGRATING FAMILY MEMBERS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES
- IN THE CHILD WELFARE SYSTEM, KEEPING CHILDREN WITH FAMILY MEMBERS
What is social welfare?
PROMOTION OF, AND PROVISION FOR, IMPROVED SOCIETAL LEVEL WELL-BEING
What are the 10 measures the United Nations uses to indicate the social health of a country?
- PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH
- EDUCATION AND OCCUPATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS
- DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARTS AND SCIENCES
- WEALTH AND INCOME
- CONDITIONS OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
- PATTERNS OF RECREATION
- PATTERNS OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION
- PATTERNS OF SOCIAL MORALITY
- SOCIAL DEVIANCE AND ALIENATION
Define socio-economic well-being
EFFORTS TO MITIGATE INCREASING INCOME INEQUALITY, TO REDISTRIBUTE RESOURCES, TO ALLEVIATE POVERTY, AND TO INCREASE THE SOCIAL INCLUSION AND UPWARD SOCIAL MOBILITY OF LOWER-INCOME POPULATIONS
Define socio-political well-being
EFFORTS TO CREATE EQUAL POLITICAL REPRESENTATION, TO IMPROVE HUMAN RIGHTS, AND TO CREATE SHARED POWER RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MEMBERS OF SOCIETY
Define socio-cultural well-being
EFFORTS THAT PROMOTE RESPECT FOR DIVERSITY, THE PREVENTION OF DISCRIMINATION AND RACISM, AND EFFORTS TO PROMOTE SOCIAL COHESION AMONG DIVERSE GROUPS
Define psycho-social well-being
EFFORTS THAT ADDRESS THE MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH NEEDS OF THE POPULATION AND IMPROVEMENTS TO INDIVIDUAL LEVEL FUNCTIONING
What is social policy?
THE PROMOTION OF, AND PROVISION FOR, IMPROVED SOCIETAL WELL-BEING
What is Richard Titmuss’ definition of social policy?
- MODELS OF SOCIAL POLICY
- SOCIAL POLICY IS ABOUT “CHOICES BETWEEN CONFLICTING POLITICAL OBJECTIVES AND GOALS AND HOW THEY ARE FORMULATED”
What is Martin Rein’s definition of social policy?
- VALUE-DRIVEN POLICY
- “SOCIAL POLICY IS, ABOVE ALL, CONCERNED WITH CHOICE AMONG COMPETING VALUES”
What is David Gil’s definition of social policy?
- SOCIAL JUSTICE
- SOCIAL POLICIES ARE CONCERNED NOT ONLY WITH THE LIFE-SUSTAINING ACTIVITIES THAT ENSURE MINIMUM NEEDS, BUT ALSO WITH THOSE THAT STIMULATE OUR HUMAN POTENTIAL
What is Braybrooke and Lindblom’s definition of social policy?
- INCREMENTALISM
- THE WORLD IS TOO COMPLEX AND ORGANIC TO ALLOW FOR COMPREHENSIVE POLICY AND PLANNING
What is Turner and Yelaja’s definition of social policy?
- GROUP GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
- SOCIAL POLICY IS A STATEMENT OF THE SOCIAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES TO WHICH VARIOUS GROUPS ARE COMMITTED
What is Gilbert and Specht; Rice, and Prince; Finkel, and Lightman’s definition of social policy?
- SOCIAL ACTION
- “PATTERNING OF RELATIONSHIPS WHICH DEVELOPS IN SOCIETY TO CARRY OUT MUTUAL SUPPORT FUNCTIONS”
Wharf suggests social work insufficiently oriented to social change will fail in four ways. Name these four ways.
- IT ASSUMES THAT ONCE A PROBLEM IS IDENTIFIED, CHANGE WILL OCCUR AND THE PROBLEM IS SOLVED
- IGNORES POWER AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN CANADA
- SOCIETY DOES NOT ASSIGN SOCIAL WORKERS RESPONSIBILITY FOR BRINGING ABOUT CHANGE, THUS SOME AGENCIES BECOME THE PROBLEM AND NOT THE SOLUTION
- ISSUE OF AUSPICES IS NOT ADDRESSED
Why is it important for social workers to understand the policymaking process?
- SOCIAL WORKERS CAN LEARN TO ADVOCATE FOR SOCIAL CHANGE THAT BENEFITS THOSE IN SOCIETY LEAST ABLE TO ADVOCATE FOR THEMSELVES
- TO UNDERSTAND AND BE SENSITIVE TO THE DIFFERENT EXPERIENCES OF CANADIANS
- PROVIDES A WEALTH OF INFORMATION ON CURRENT SOCIAL STRUCTURES; WHO IS BENEFITTING FROM THEM; WHO HAS THE POWER TO MAKE CHANGES; WHAT IS MOST EFFECTIVE; WHO IS BEING OPPRESSED, ISOLATED, IGNORED; AND CURRENT AGENDAS REGARDING THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH, POWERS, AND PRIVILEGE
What was the Hunting-Gathering society’s view of social welfare?
- GENEROSITY AND SHARING PREVAILED OVER HOARDING
- MAINTENANCE OF SOCIAL BONDS WAS ESSENTIAL DUE TO THE THREAT OF RAIDS FROM OTHER TRIBES AND THE HARSH PHYSICAL CLIMATE
What was the Medieval and Elizabethan European society’s view of social welfare?
- 3 NON-GOVERNMENTAL FORMS OF CHARITY – MEDIEVAL GUILDS, PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS, AND THE CHURCH
- HOSPITALS, POORHOUSES, WORKHOUSES, AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS WERE OVERCROWDED – AS BAD AS LOCAL JAILS
What was the 19th-century European society’s view of social welfare?
- POOR LAW REFORMS – TOO MANY PEOPLE RECEIVING RELIEF VS. RISING COSTS OF BRITISH POOR RELIEF
- INTRODUCED PROVISIONS THAT WERE TO BE LESS THAN THE LOWEST-PAYING AVAILABLE JOB
- INDOOR VS OUTDOOR RELIEF – INDOOR FOR THOSE WHO WERE SICK, AGED, ORPHANED, OR WIDOWED; OUTDOOR FOR ABLE-BODIED MEN DEEMED EMPLOYABLE
What was the Canadian (Up to 1945) society’s view of social welfare?
- COLONIZATION OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
What was the treatment of Canada’s Indigenous Peoples during colonialism?
- DECIMATED BY DISEASE AND WAR
- FORCED ONTO RESERVES
- MARGINALIZED ECONOMICALLY, POLITICALLY, AND SOCIALLY
When did British North America unite to become Canada?
- 1867
- CANADA BECAME A COUNTRY
What year was Workmen’s Compensation Act established?
1914
What year was Unemployment Insurance (UI, now Employment Insurance, EI) established?
1940
What year was Mother’s Pensions established?
1916
What year was Old Age Pensions established?
1927
Describe Workmen’s Compensation Act
PROVIDED INJURED WORKERS WITH REGULAR CASH INCOME AS A RIGHT
Describe Unemployment Insurance (UI, now Employment Insurance, EI)
TEMPORARY INCOME TO SUPPORT UNEMPLOYED WORKERS WHILE LOOKING FOR EMPLOYMENT
Describe Mother’s Pensions
INCOME TO WIDOWS AND DIVORCED OR DESERTED WIVES AND THEIR CHILDREN
Describe Old Age Pensions
MONTHLY PAYMENT AGED 65 OR OLDER
What was the name of the report that changed social policy in 1943?
The Marsh Report
Who wrote the Marsh report?
- LEONARD MARSH
- WILLIAM BEVERIDGE (BEVERIDGE REPORT IN BRITAIN)
What did the Marsh report do?
- BLUEPRINTS FOR A COMPREHENSIVE AND UNIVERSAL WELFARE STATE
- PROVIDED THE RATIONALE FOR THE INSTITUTIONAL MODEL OF SOCIAL POLICY
What important policy was established in Saskatchewan?
- UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE
- SOCIAL ASSISTANCE MEDICAL CARE PLAN COVERING OLD AGE PENSIONERS’, RECIPIENTS OF MOTHERS’ALLOWANCES, BLIND PENSIONERS, AND WARDS OF THE STATE
What government and leader established a Universal health insurance policy?
- CO-OPERATIVE COMMONWEALTH FEDERATION
- PREMIER TOMMY DOUGLAS
What year was universal health insurance established in Saskatchewan?
1945
When did the federal government follow Saskatchewan’s lead and implement universal health insurance?
1966
What does the “third sector” or “civil society” refer to?
Voluntary civic and social organizations and institutions that fall between the private sector of companies and the public sector.
These include advocacy groups and networks, interest associations, local organizations, membership organizations, non-profit or not-for-profit organizations,
What is social entrepreneurship?
A classification that characterizes the behaviour of social welfare leaders that can generate resources or revenues to provide a service in a new way.
What examples can be attributed to social responsibility?
Private sector sponsors activities in the social services through either cash donations or employee volunteerism, and often with the explicit understanding that the corporation will be widely acknowledged as a sponsor (thus deriving recognition for its work).
Internet and social-media based breakthroughs are now prevalent: for example, innovative idea generation and publicity through crowdsourcing; fundraising, advocacy, community organization or all three through the Internet and other social media.
These tactics have massively transformed the scope and impact of civil society activities on social policy in Canada.
What does the federal government have jurisdiction over?
Quarantine and marine hospitals
Penitentiaries
Aboriginal people
What is the provincial government responsible for?
Building and maintaining hospitals
Asylums
Charities
Public or Reformatory prisons
What are local governments responsible for?
Infrastructure and transportation services
Funding and delivery of social assistance
Supported housing
Home care
Daycare
Define a Block grant
A cash transfer provided by one level of government to another, the amount of the transfer being fixed independently of the purpose to which the funds are put. Also, known as a general-purpose grant.
Define a Specific-purpose grant
A cash transfer provided by one level of government to another. The amount of the transfer is tied to its intended purpose; an example would be matched or shared-cost program.
Define an Unconditional grant
Also known as, equalization payment.
It is a transfer of money from one level of government to another; no particular commitment by the recipient government to tie the grant to an expected type of expenditure is required. Its opposite is a conditional grant.
Why was the CHST divided into 2 separate block transfer programs in 2004?
To provide greater spending accountability. First, the creation of the two block transfer programs clarifies how much federal transfer money was spent specifically on each program area. Secondly, the block transfer nature of these grants makes clear what proportions of the transfer are to be spent on each program area.
Which provinces/territories did not approve the Meech Lake Accord by the deadline?
Newfoundland and Labrador
Manitoba
Define demogrant
A cash payment to an individual or family based on a demographic characteristics (usually age) as opposed to need.
Define social assistance
An income security program that uses a “means” or “needs” test to determine eligibility.
Define social insurance
An income security program in which eligibility for benefits is determined on the basis of contribution and the occurrence of foreseen contingency, such as injury, retirement, unemployment, or the death of an income-earning spouse.
What are the eligibility requirements of EI?
Loss of job because of termination, temporary disruption of work because of illness, and application for maternity/parental benefits.
Name 5 federal programs and state which term is used to describe income security programs.
Employment Insurance
Canada Pension Plan/Quebec Pension Plan
Old Age Security
Guaranteed Income Supplement
Spouse’s Allowance
Veterans’ Pensions
War Veterans Allowances
Resettlement Assistance Program
Canada Child Tax Benefit
Registered Retirement Savings Plans
Pooled Registered Pension Plans
What are the programs considered provincial programs?
Workers’ Compensation
Social Assistance
Provincial Top-Ups for Senior Citizens
