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Cellular Pathology > Quiz 1: Cellular Adaptation > Flashcards

Quiz 1: Cellular Adaptation Flashcards

1
Q

ADAPTIVE RESPONSE occurs in physiologic and pathologic conditions: T/F

A

True

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2
Q

Examples of physiological atrophy:

A
  • Umbilical vessels and ductus arteriosus
  • Thymus after puberty
  • ovaries, uterus and breast after menopause
  • Testicles in elderly men
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3
Q

Causes of Pathological Atrophy:

A
  • decrease function (DISUSE ATROPHY)
  • Loss of innervation (DENERVATION ATOPHY)
  • Loss of blood supply (ISCHEMIC ATROPHY)
  • bed sore (PRESSURE ATROPHY)
  • LOSS OF ENDOCRINE STIMULATION
  • Lack of nutrition (NUTRITIONAL ATROPHY)
  • HORMONE INDUCED ATRPHY (caused by topical corticosteroids: skin atrophy)
  • Brain atrophy (AGING ATROPHY)
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4
Q

Increased size of a tissue or organ due to increase in size of INDIVIDUAL CELLS

A

HYPERTROPHY

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5
Q

Mechanism of hypertrophy:

A

ADAPTIVE RESPONSE to increased demand on tissues

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6
Q

Increase in size of the left ventricle of the heart due to increased demand is an example of:

A

hypertrophy due to FUNCTIONAL DEMAND

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7
Q

Acromegaly due to secretion of Growth Hormone is an example of:

A

hypertrophy due to HORMONAL STIMULATION

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8
Q

Increase in size of striated muscles due to increased FUNCTIONAL DEMAND is an example of:

A

Physiologic Hypertrophy

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9
Q

Increase in the uterine muscle during pregnancy due to HORMONAL STIMULATION is an example of:

A

Physiologic Hypertrophy

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10
Q

Increase in size of an organ or tissue as a result of INCREASED NUMBER OF COMPONENT CELLS

A

HYPERPLASIA

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11
Q

Cause of HYPERPLASIA:

A

ADAPTIVE RESPONSE causes cells to divide as a result of increased demand (CARDIAC, NERVE, and SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS CANNOT BECOME HYPERPLASTIC)

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12
Q

Growth of female breasts during puberty is an example of:

A

Physiologic Hyperplasia

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13
Q

Replacement of one adult mature cell type by another cell type:

A

METAPLASIA

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14
Q

CILIATED EPITHELIUM IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT —> stratified columnar is an example of:

A

METAPLASIA

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15
Q

METAPLASIA is NOT reversible: T/F?

A

False

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16
Q

METAPLASIA is named according to the NEW/OLD epithelium?

A

NEW

17
Q

Replacement of the normal STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS OF THE ESOPHAGUS —> mucous secreting cells in reflux esophagitis (hiatal hernia) is an examle of:

A

Glandular Metaplasia (named after the new cells and the new cells in this case, have glands)

18
Q

A condition where squamous esophageal cells are replaced by mucous secreting cells:

A

Barret’s

19
Q

Abnormality in maturation and differentiation of epithelium: (PREMALIGNANT CONDITION)

A

DYSPLASIA

20
Q

Causes of DYSPLASIA:

A

Prolonged irritation
Prolonged inflammation
Exposure to carcinogens
PAP SMEAR detects dysplasia in the cervix

Cellular Pathology (2 decks)

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