Quiz 1 a&p terms

Question 1

Gross anatomy

Answer 1

• Study by inspection

- Organs and major structures

Question 2

Histology

Answer 2

Study of tissues and cells that make up organs

Question 3

Cytology

Answer 3

Study of cell structure of particular cell types

Question 4

Molecular biology

Answer 4

Study of the molecules that make up the organism

Question 5

Scientific method

Answer 5

• Truths discovered by testing

- “If it isn’t testable, it isn’t science”

Question 6

Hypothesis

Answer 6

A testable guess as to an underlying truth

Question 7

Experiment

Answer 7

The testing of the hypothesis

Question 8

Data

Answer 8

Info derived from experiments

Question 9

Theory

Answer 9

Hypothesis that is supported by data

Question 10

Scientific fact

Answer 10

A theory that has been tested exhaustively ;

Very rare

Question 11

Theory of evolution

Answer 11

Things change

Question 12

6 characteristics that define LIFE

Answer 12

• it is organized: there is definite structure
• it is made of cells: the units of life
• it metabolizes: set of carefully controlled complex chem rxns(eat, drink, sleep, defecate, exercise)
• responds to stimuli: this is quite variable
• it is homeostatic: attempts to maintain a constant internal environment
• it reproduces: there is a mechanism for continuity

Question 13

Anatomy

Answer 13

• Ana: one’s self

- tomy: to cut

Question 14

Physiology

Answer 14

• The study of function

- Arranged by type of function

Question 15

Morphology

Answer 15

Study of shape related to fun.

“The heart is shaped like a pump.”

Question 16

Embryology

Answer 16

• the study of development

- how organisms arise from primordial cells

Question 17

Biochemistry

Answer 17

-Study of all chem. Interactions in an organism

Question 18

Pathology

Answer 18

Study of how homeostasis is NOT maintained in an organism.

Question 19

Pathology:

1) etiology
2) diagnosis
3) prognosis

Answer 19

1) why do you have that disease? Where does it come from?
2) what is it?
- syndrome-don’t know what it is
- autoimmune—not an infection/disease but acts like one. Body attacks self.
3) how to treat it/how to survive it.

Question 20

Homeostasis

Answer 20

• maintenance of a constant internal enviro.
• balance
• from conception—> 16/18 years old, it is NOT maintained because everything is changing/growing/developing.
• at 21–>29 it is maintained, then it starts getting harder. As you age, the harder it gets.

Question 21

Feedback loops

Answer 21

???

Question 22

Negative feedback

Answer 22

• inhibits the deviation from the norm
• many homeostatic mechanisms are designed to stay at a “set point”. When it deviates, the negative feedback returns the level to “set point”.

Question 23

Positive feedback

Answer 23

-encourages the change/catalyst
Ex. Blood clots; once the original clotting mechanism begins, it sends a positive feedback encouraging more clotting. Let’s keep going!