Quiz 1 a&p terms Flashcards
Gross anatomy
- Study by inspection
- Organs and major structures
Histology
Study of tissues and cells that make up organs
Cytology
Study of cell structure of particular cell types
Molecular biology
Study of the molecules that make up the organism
Scientific method
- Truths discovered by testing
- “If it isn’t testable, it isn’t science”
Hypothesis
A testable guess as to an underlying truth
Experiment
The testing of the hypothesis
Data
Info derived from experiments
Theory
Hypothesis that is supported by data
Scientific fact
A theory that has been tested exhaustively ;
Very rare
Theory of evolution
Things change
6 characteristics that define LIFE
- it is organized: there is definite structure
- it is made of cells: the units of life
- it metabolizes: set of carefully controlled complex chem rxns(eat, drink, sleep, defecate, exercise)
- responds to stimuli: this is quite variable
- it is homeostatic: attempts to maintain a constant internal environment
- it reproduces: there is a mechanism for continuity
Anatomy
- Ana: one’s self
- tomy: to cut
Physiology
- The study of function
- Arranged by type of function
Morphology
Study of shape related to fun.
“The heart is shaped like a pump.”
Embryology
- the study of development
- how organisms arise from primordial cells
Biochemistry
-Study of all chem. Interactions in an organism
Pathology
Study of how homeostasis is NOT maintained in an organism.
Pathology:
1) etiology
2) diagnosis
3) prognosis
1) why do you have that disease? Where does it come from?
2) what is it?
- syndrome-don’t know what it is
- autoimmune—not an infection/disease but acts like one. Body attacks self.
3) how to treat it/how to survive it.
Homeostasis
- maintenance of a constant internal enviro.
- balance
- from conception—> 16/18 years old, it is NOT maintained because everything is changing/growing/developing.
- at 21–>29 it is maintained, then it starts getting harder. As you age, the harder it gets.
Feedback loops
???
Negative feedback
- inhibits the deviation from the norm
- many homeostatic mechanisms are designed to stay at a “set point”. When it deviates, the negative feedback returns the level to “set point”.
Positive feedback
-encourages the change/catalyst
Ex. Blood clots; once the original clotting mechanism begins, it sends a positive feedback encouraging more clotting. Let’s keep going!
