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quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q 
In small children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which of the following vaccines is contraindicated?
Select one:
a. Diphtheria and tetanus (Td)
b. Hepatitis B and mumps
c. Varicella
d. Td and oral polio
A

c. Varicella

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2
Q

Characteristics of S. pneumoniae include:
Select one:
a. Beta-lactamase production common
b. Antimicrobial resistance because of altered protein binding sites
c. Causative organism of skin infection associated with acute otitis media
d. Gram-negative organism

A

b. Antimicrobial resistance because of altered protein binding sites

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3
Q 
Which of the following is the route of transmission of the polio virus?
Select one:
a. Fecal-oral
b. Droplet
c. Blood and body fluids
d. Skin-to-skin contact
A

a. Fecal-oral

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4
Q 
Which of the following is not consistently performed as part of the workup for sepsis?
Select one:
a. CBC with WBC differential
b. stool culture
c. blood culture
d. urine culture
A

b. stool culture

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5
Q

An early indicator of hypoperfusion in an acutely ill younger child is:
Select one:
a. an elevation in total white blood cell count
b. dehydration
c. capillary refill of >2 seconds
d. a nonresponsive child

A

c. capillary refill of >2 seconds

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6
Q 
Infection with Corynebacterium diphtheria usually causes:
Select one:
a. A diffuse rash
b. Meningitis
c. Pseudomembranous pharyngitis
d. A gastroenteritis like illness
A

c. Pseudomembranous pharyngitis

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7
Q

All of these statements are true of slipped capital femoral epiphysis except:
Select one:
a. The condition typically occurs in girls prior to menarche
b. The condition usually occurs without sudden severe force or trauma
c. There is an increased incidence of the condition amongst obese adolescents
d. The condition is more common in males ad Caucasian adolescents

A

d. The condition is more common in males ad Caucasian adolescents

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8
Q 
How is the varicella virus most commonly transmitted?
Select one:
a. Droplet transmission
b. Contact with inanimate reservoirs
c. Contact transmission
d. Waterborne transmission
A

a. Droplet transmission

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9
Q

Which of the following can be used to differentiate pertussis from acute bronchitis or asthma exacerbation?
Select one:
a. Presence of fever
b. PCR Assay
c. Presence of productive cough
d. Evidence of consolidation on chest X-ray

A

b. PCR Assay

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10
Q

Which of the following vaccines should not be given to patients who are pregnant?

Select one:

a. The inactivated polio vaccine
b. The measles, mumps and rubella vaccine
c. The influenza vaccine
d. The tetanus, diptheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine

A

b. The measles, mumps and rubella vaccine

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11
Q 
Jason, age 8 years, is going to South America on vacation with his parents.  His parents want to know which vaccinations he needs to keep from getting sick.  Assuming he is caught up on all of his other vaccinations, which of the following svaccines would be least necessary for Jason?
Select one:
a. Hepatitis A
b. Typhoid vaccine
c. Malaria vaccine
d. Tdap
A

d. Tdap

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12
Q

A mother of a 7 year old boy tells you that his teacher has complained to her of her son’s frequent episodes of daydreaming. While the child is at home, the mother reports that sometimes her son seems not to hear her. The child “blanks out” for a short period of time.. Which of the following is most likely?
Select one:
a. A partial seizure
b. An absence seizure (petit mal seizure)
c. A grand mal seizure
d. A jacksonian seizure

A

b. An absence seizure (petit mal seizure)

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13
Q

Sharon, age 16, has just received her first meningococcal conjugate vaccine. How long should she ideally wait before receiving the booster dose?
Select one:
a. 8 weeks
b. 6 months
c. One year
d. The patient does not require a booster dose.

A

d. The patient does not require a booster dose.

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14
Q 
At least how many months apart should hepatitis A doses pf vaccine be administered?
Select one:
a. At least one month apart
b. At least 3 months apart
c. At least 6 months apart
d. At least 12 months apart
A

c. At least 6 months apart

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15
Q 
Of the following, which form of conjunctivitis most often presents with watery discharge?
Select one:
a. Bacterial
b. Viral
c. Gonococcal
d. Allergic
A

b. Viral

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16
Q 
When checking for the red reflex on a 3-year-old boy during a well child visit, a white reflection is seen on the child's left pupil.  Which of the following conditions should be ruled out?
Select one:
a. Unilateral strabismus
b. Unilateral cataracts
c. Retinoblastoma of the left eye
d. Color blindness of the left eye
A

c. Retinoblastoma of the left eye

17
Q

You examine a 10-year-old boy with suspected streptococcal pharyngitis. His mother asks if he can get a “shot of penicillin.” Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the use of intramuscular (IM) penicillin (PCN)? (Choose all that apply.)
Select one or more:
a. Injectable benzathine PCN, oral amoxicillin, and cephalexin are each strongly recommended for treatment of Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) pharyngitis.
b. Injectable benzathine PCN would be indicated for treatment of GAS if poor adherence to recommended therapy or inability to take a full course of oral antibiotics is anticipated.
c. The risk of severe allergic reaction with IM products is similar to that of oral preparations.
d. Injectable penicillin has a superior spectrum of antimicrobial coverage compared with the oral from of the drug.

A

a. Injectable benzathine PCN, oral amoxicillin, and cephalexin are each strongly recommended for treatment of Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) pharyngitis.
b. Injectable benzathine PCN would be indicated for treatment of GAS if poor adherence to recommended therapy or inability to take a full course of oral antibiotics is anticipated.

18
Q 
A 13-year-old patient has a throat culture that is positive for strep throat.  She reports that her younger brother was recently diagnosed with strep throat and treated.  The patient has a severe allergy to penicillin and reports that erythromycin makes her very nauseated.  Which of the following antibiotics is the best choice?
Select one:
a. Azithromycin
b. Cephalexin
c. Cefuroxime
d. Levofloxacin
A

a. Azithromycin

19
Q 
When evaluating a child who has bacterial meningitis, the NP expects to find cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) results of:
Select one:
a. low protein
b. predominance of lymphocytes
c. glucose at about 30% of serum levels
d. low opening pressure
A

c. glucose at about 30% of serum levels

20
Q 
All of the following are viral causes of pharyngitis and tonsillitis except:
Select one:
a. Mumps virus
b. Respiratory syncytial virus
c. Influenza A & B
d. Epstein-Barr Virus
A

a. Mumps virus

21
Q

he mother of a 4-month-old calls your office and reports that the infant has a fever of 101.4 degrees Fahrenheit. The infant received her immunizations yesterday. Which of the following is correct?

Select one:

a. The fever is most likely due to the combination of the MMR and polio vaccine
b. The fever is most likely due to the pertussis component of the TP vaccine
c. The infant is probably starting a viral upper respiratory infection
d. The infant had an allergic reaction to one of the vaccines given and should be brought to the emergency room

A

b. The fever is most likely due to the pertussis component of the TP vaccine

22
Q 
Post-polio syndrome is commonly marked by:
Select one:
a. Muscular hypertrophy
b. Muscle atrophy 
c. Flu-like symptoms
d. Increased mortality
A

b. Muscle atrophy

23
Q

When providing care for a febrile patient, the NP bears in mind that all of the following are true except that:
Select one:
a. the use of antipyretics is potentially associated with prolonged illness
b. consistent use of an antipyretic provides a helpful way to shorten the course of infectious illnesses
c. fever increases metabolic demand
d. in a pregnant woman, increased body temperature is a potential first-trimester tratogen

A

b. consistent use of an antipyretic provides a helpful way to shorten the course of infectious illnesses

24
Q 
Which cranial nerve controls hearing and equilibrium?
Select one:
a. CN II 
b. CN IV
c. CN VI
d. CN VIII
A

d. CN VIII

25
Q 
Hepatitis B vaccine should not be given to a person with a history of anaphylactic reaction to:
Select one:
a. Egg
b. Baker’s yeast 
c. Neomycin
d. Streptomycin
A

b. Baker’s yeast

26
Q 
Of the following, which eye disorder is characterized by an abrupt or sudden onset with painful swelling on the lid margin?
Select one:
a. Hordeolum 
b. Strabismus
c. Conjunctivitis
d. Chalazion
A

a. Hordeolum

27
Q 
Tension and psychogenic headaches are commonly associated with what mechanism of headache pain?
Select one:
a. Vascular dilation
b. Traction
c. Muscular contraction 
d. Inflammation
A

c. Muscular contraction

28
Q 
In what area of the brain do childhood tumors predominately occur?
Select one:
a. Infratentorial region
b. Superatentorial region
c. Tentotium cerbellia
d. Occipital lobes
A

a. Infratentorial region

29
Q 
Which of these laboratory values would most likely be decreased in a patient with hyperthyroidism?
Select one:
a. Free thyroxine index
b. Serum antinuclear antibodies
c. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
d. Triiodothyronine
A

c. Thyroid-stimulating hormone

30
Q 
When evaluating a child who has aseptic or viral meningitis, the NP expects to find CSF results of:
Select one:
a. low protein
b. predominance of lymphocytes
c. glucose at about 30% of serum levels 
d. low opening pressure
A

b. predominance of lymphocytes

31
Q

Jason, an 8-year-old with type one diabetes, is being seen for a 3-day history of frequency and nocturia. He denies flank pain and is afebrile. The urinalysis result is negative for blood and nitrites but is positive for a large amount of leukocytes and ketones. He has a trace amount of protein. Which of the following is the best test to order initially?
Select one:
a. Urine for culture and sensitivity
b. 24-hour urine for protein and creatinine clearance
c. 24-hour urine for microalbumin
d. An intravenous pyelogram

A

a. Urine for culture and sensitivity

32
Q 
A mother brings her adopted 6-year-old to see you after he bruised his elbow bumping it on the kitchen counter.  She became concerned the day after the injury because he said his elbow was tingling.  After finding a normal complete blood count, you order a coagulation panel because you are most concerned about which disorder?
Select one:
a. Hemophilia
b. Platelet disorder 
c. Anemia
d. Leukemia
A

a. Hemophilia

33
Q 
Treatment of otitis media with effusion usually includes
Select one:
a. Symptomatic therapy 
b. Antimicrobial therapy
c. An antihistamine
d. A mucolytic
A

a. Symptomatic therapy

34
Q 
Which of the following is most likely to be caused by Chlamydia trachomatis?
Select one:
a. Pharyngitis 
b. Croup
c. Infectious mononucleosis
d. Epiglottis
A

a. Pharyngitis

35
Q

The hepatitis A vaccine should be administered in childhood per the following schedule:
Select one:
a. Two doses 3 months apart
b. Two doses 6 months apart
c. Two doses 1 year apart
d. Two doses are not recommended because of efficacy of a single dose

A

b. Two doses 6 months apart

36
Q

Which of the following is a true statement regarding pes planus in an infant?
Select one:
a. orthopedist if it does not spontaneously correct itself by the age of 12 months
b. The fat pads on an infant’s feet can mimic pes planus
c. It is always corrected by wearing special orthotic shoes
d. It is also called talipes equinovarus

A

b. The fat pads on an infant’s feet can mimic pes planus

37
Q

Which of the following characteristics is not typically associated with febrile seizures?
Select one:
a. Fever with rectal temperature of 102 F or above
b. Generally manifests in early infancy by 3 months of age
c. There is usually a family history of febrile seizures
d. There is typically a loss of consciousness with this type of seizure.

A

b. Generally manifests in early infancy by 3 months of age

38
Q 
A patient has been referred to your practice by an optometrist, who found Lisch nodes in the patients irises.  Which finding would best help to confirm the suspected diagnosis?
Select one:
a. Photophobia 
b. Failure to thrive
c. Axillary tracking
d. Aphasia
A

c. Axillary tracking

39
Q

A 3-year-old boy with AOM continues to have otalgia and fever (≥39⁰C [≥102.2⁰F]) after 3 days of amoxicillin 80 mg/kg/day with appropriate dose of clavulanate (Augmentin®) therapy. Which of the following is recommended?
Select one:
a. Watch and wait while using analgesics
b. Start antimicrobial therapy with oral azithromycin
c. Initiate therapy with oral clindamycin
d. Administer intramuscular ceftriaxone

A

d. Administer intramuscular ceftriaxone

burns peds (13 decks)

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