quiz 1 Flashcards
the study of human movement as it relates to anatomy, physiology, physics, geometry, biomechanics
kinesiology
position similar to anatomical position except palms face toward sides of body
fundamental position
all parts of the object move same distance in the same direction and at the same velocity
linear motion
straight line of movement
rectilinear
curved line of movement
curvilinear
motion about a fixed axis
angular/rotary
branch of physics hat involves the motion of objects without reference to the forces that cause the motions
kinematics
motion occurring at a joint. Movement of bones around a joint axis
osteokinematics
- accessory motion in the joint
- specific to movement at the joint surface
- terms associated with arthrokinematics: glide/slide, spin, roll
arthrokinematics
saggital plane = _____ axis
frontal
transverse plane = ____ axis
vertical/longitudinal
frontal plane = _____ axis
sagittal
application of kinesiology to use of the body in daily life activities and to the prevention and correction of problems related to posture and lifting
body mechanics
basic principles of body mechanics:
- center of gravity must be stable
- stable BOS
- Keep a vertical line of support
- maintain proper alignment
before beginning a lift:
- check environment
- plan ahead
- plan teamwork
definition: number of planes in which the joint can move
degrees of freedom
joint functional category: no movement
synarthrosis:
- suture
- gomphosis
- cartilagninous synchondrosis
- bony fusion synostosis
joint functional category: little movement
amphiarthrosis:
- syndesmosis
- symphysis
joint functional category: free movement
diarthrosis:
- synovial
a specific pattern of movement restriction of the joint
capsular pattern
capsular pattern of restricted motion –>
capsule is the limiting structure
non-capsular pattern of restricted motion –>
other structures are involved
joint motion
osteokinematic motion
joint surface motion
arthrokinematic motion
new points on each surface come in contact throughout the movement
roll
one point on a surface contacts new points on adjacent surface (linear movement)
glide/slide
same point on each surface remains in contact
spin
quality of what is felt when a joint is moved passively to its end range and a slight pressure is applied
end feel
definite limit, bony block
hard end feel
firm with slight give at limitation. Tension in joint capsule, ligaments, muscles/tendons
firm end feel
limitation due to soft tissue approximation and compression due to muscle or adipose tissue mass
soft end feel
limitation due to considerable pain; mechanical limitation not felt yet
empty end feel
Rule: The convex or concave shape of a bone moving on another bone determines the motion at the joint surface
Convex-Concave Rule
Convex-Concave Rule: If a convex surface moves over a concave surface, the glide is in the ______ direction of the moving body segment or the roll.
opposite
Convex-Concave Rule: If a concave surface moves over a convex surface, the glide is in the _____ direction of the moving body segment or the roll
same
how much of the joint surfaces are in contact with each other
joint congruency
joint surfaces have maximum contact; joint is tightly compressed; ligaments are joint capsule are taut
close-packed, closed-pack position
joint surfaces have minimum contact; parts of joint capsule and ligaments are lax
open-packed, loose-packed position, or resting position
______ positions are usually used when testing a joint for stability
close-packed, closed-pack positions
______ positions may be used for joint mobilizations including joint traction or distraction; used for positioning to help relieve pain in joints
open-packed, loose-packed, resting positions
