Quiz 1 Flashcards
Two reasons why rodents & rabbits are prone to heat stress
don’t sweat
cannot pant
When a client is bringing in their rodent to be seen, what should you remind them of before the visit?
to bring the cage and NOT to clean it prior to visit
Why are pelleted diets preferred over seed-based ones?
so they cannot selectively pick out just what they want and become nutritionally deficient
What is the normal temperature range for
1) mouse
2) rat
1) 98-101
2) 99.5-100.6
When handling rodents it’s important to stabilize which area?
Rodents should never be picked up by?
the base of the tail
their tails–>tail slip!
In most rodents, males are aggressive. In which type of rodent can females be aggressive?
Female hamsters
What is the medical purpose for gavage needles in rodent medicine?
to administer oral medications
One route of injection for rodents in IP. Where should this be done in:
1) mice/rats
2) gerbils
1) lower left quadrant
2) lower right quadrant
How can porphyrin be differentiated from blood? From which gland is it produced?
with wood’s lamp–it will fluoresce
produced from Harderian gland when stressed
In which type of rodents is mammary tissue found all over the body (including along the back)?
Mice/rats
The most common health problem affecting mice/rats?
respiratory disease
In which rodents do we have to worry about ammonia build-up in the cage?
mice/rats & hamsters
Which bedding type is not appropriate for most rodent species? Why?
cedar shavings
elevates liver enzymes and causes hypersensitivity
Describe barbering in mice
when the dominant mouse nibbles on the fur/whiskers of the subordinates (doesn’t leave wounds or lesions)
**dominant mouse is only one with all fur
Most common tumor in
1) mice
2) rats
1) adenocarcinoma
2) fibroadenoma
A rat presents with a greasy hair coat and pruritus. You are suspicious of fur mites. Should you skin scrape?
No–they are non-burrowing
Most prevalent (common) organism causing pneumonia in mice/rats?
Mycoplasma pulmonis
Name 3 adaptations gerbils have for surviving in arid environments
1) don’t sweat
2) produce v. concentrated urine
3) have large adrenal glands
Because gerbils are predisposed to _____ extra care should be taken when handling to avoid stress
seizures
Sore nose (nasal dermatitis) in gerbils is assoc. with what cause?
elevations in humidity
*causes increased secretions from Harderian gland–> irritates skin
Gerbils are very susceptible to which disease affecting the GI tract?
What is the causative organism?
Tyzzer’s disease
Clostridium piliforme
Which rodent spp. is most susceptible to dybiosis?
Hamsters
Name 3 antibiotics that are contrainidicated for use in rodents
streptomycin
Dihydrostreptomycin
Procaine
When assessing anesthetic depth in rodents, which reflexes will remain present?
palpebral and jaw tone
The molars of hamsters are ____ rooted; which predisposes them to formation of?
closed rooted
dental carries
Which rodent spp. has a moveable mandibular symphysis?
hamster
T/F: when handling hamsters, even with proper restraint, their eyes may bulge
True
Hamster urine contains a high concentration of ______, giving it a milky, white color
Calcium carbonate
Causative agent of proliferative ileitis in hamsters?
Lawsonia intracellularis
Which disease of hamsters is zoonotic to humans (hint: shed in urine)
LCM (lymphocytic choriomeningitis)
In which rodent spp. should injectable anesthetics be avoided?
Gerbils
How does the dental formula of rabbits differ from rodents? (2)
they have 2 upper incisors and premolars (3U and 2L)
Which type of rabbit had young born WITH fur and eyes open
wild hares
Though rabbits are good with most other spp. which rodent spp. should they NOT be housed with and why?
Guinea pigs
risk for transferring Bordetella
When performing an enucleation in this species, care must be taken to avoid excessive hemorrhage assoc. with the extensive venous plexus
Rabbits
What physical characteristics of a rabbit make them prone to lumbar fractures
minimal skeletal mass combined with large muscle mass
A unique feature of the female rabbit’s repro tract? Surgical implications?
“Duplex uterus”–has two cervices and no uterine body
*have to incise into each horn when doing C-section
The most important part of a rabbit’s diet is making sure it has plenty of…
FIBER!
T/F: all forms of penicillin are safe for rabbits
FALSE–injectable only!
An important anesthetic consideration for rabbits is the fact that many of them produce _____
atropinesterase (faster metabolism of atropine)
The most common tumor of rabbits assoc. with decreased fertility and vaginal bleeding
uterine adenocarcinoma
A young rabbits presents for being unable to hop. On exam you notice the rabbit is unable to abduct the right rear limb; what is your top ddx?
splay leg
*autosomal recessive
Most common location for vertebral dislocation in rabbits
L7
An ingesta-filled stomach on radiographs in a rabbit that hasn’t been eating would lead you to suspect?
trichobezoar
What two characteristics of rabbit urine are a risk factor for development of uroliths?
excess dietary Ca
alkaline urine pH
A rabbit presents to you with anorexia and watery diarrhea. You perform a gram stain of a fecal smear and helically coiled, semi-circular rods. What’s your diagnosis? Causative organism that you just IDed?
Enterotoxemia
Clostridium spiroforme
Mucous in the feces of young, newly weaned rabbits it most consistent with which GI disease?
Mucoid enteritis
T/F: E. coli is part of the normal GI flora in the rabbit colon
FALSE!
Injectable penicillin is the indicated treatment for which disease in rabbits?
Rabbit syphilis (Treponematosis)
T/F: is a rabbit dam develops mastitis, her kits must be removed and placed with another rabbit to foster
FALSE–must remove kits but don’t foster them (can spread infection)
Which infectious disease of rabbits is both zoonotic and reportable (though uncommon in domestic rabbits)
Tularemia
Which type of flea preventative should not be used in rabbits
Fipronil (Frontline)
